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ES - Water Pollution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Is water considered renewable or nonrenewable | Water is a renewable resource |
| Why is water considered a limited resource? | This is limited because if we use too much than we can’t clean the water quick enough |
| What percent of water on earth is freshwater? | 3% of earth's water is freshwater |
| Where is most of the freshwater on earth located? | In ice caps and glaciers |
| Give examples of surface water. | Lakes, ponds, rivers, and streams |
| What is an aquifer? | An underground rock formation that contains water. Water percolates down from the surface |
| Dams can create reservoirs for drinking water. Why is the building of dams not done very often anymore? | They destroy natural ecosystems |
| What is desalination? | When salt is removed from salt water which makes the water good for drinking and cooking. |
| Name two specific ways to desalinate water. | Reverse Osmosis - pressure used to push water from a semi permeable membrane that will stop the salt from passing through Distillation - heat that is used to evaporate freshwater from salt water. |
| Why is desalination not done more often? | It’s usually very expensive. |
| What is towing water? Why is it usually impractical? | It’s when water is transported from one location to another, typically in the form of icebergs This is impractical because it disrupts the ecosystem and the ice berg will start melting during it’s journey. |
| List 3 different ways that you conserve water in your home. | Use low flow shower heads, turn off the tap when brushing your teeth or shaving, and water lawns at night to limit evaporation. |
| What is the difference between point and non-point pollution? Be able to give examples of each. | Point pollution is when one single source can be traced back to the pollution this includes oil tankers. Nonpoint pollution is a type of pollution that comes from many sources making it harder to trace this includes oil from cars. |
| What is the biggest source of water pollution (point or non-point)? | Non point is the biggest source of water pollution. |
| Which type of water pollution is the most difficult to regulate (point or non-point) and why? | Non Point because it’s not easily traced back to a single person but rather a collection of many people. |
| What is a watershed? | The entire area of land that is drained into a river |
| All watersheds eventually drain into __ | Rivers |
| Which watershed is Beverly a part of? | Ipswich River |
| Name one of Beverly’s reservoirs for drinking water. | Wenham lake |
| What is a pathogen? | Disease causing organisms (bacteria, viruses, and parasitic worms). Examples include E coli and Typhoid |
| What is biological magnification? Explain how something like Mercury in the ocean can make its way into humans. | Biological magnification is that the amount of toxins per organisms increases as you move up the food chain. The mercury would work it's way up the food chain to humans like through fish |
| What is Eutrophication? | Process that increases the amount of nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus in a marine or aquatic ecosystem. Happens naturally when organisms decompose. |
| What is thermal pollution? | When excessive amounts of heat are added to a body of water. |
| Which Government Act was put into place in 1972 to try and maintain integrity of the Nation’s drinking water? | The Clean Water Act. |
| Where does most ocean pollution come from? | 85% of toxins are carried from land into oceans through rivers. |
| Which ecosystems are the hardest hit by this type of pollution? | Coastal ecosystems are the hardest hit such as coral reefs and estuaries. |
| Why is plastic in the ocean dangerous to marine organisms? | Sea animals become entangled, cut into their flesh, and strangled. |
| Why is it difficult to regulate pollution in the oceans internationally? | the Law of the Sea Treaty means that countries on the shore own a certain amount of the ocean but once you get into the middle area of the ocean, it’s all common ground. It’s hard to get everyone together to follow the same laws |
| What was the cause of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill? | The oil tanker had run around after colliding with the coral reef below. This made a hole in the tanker releasing all of the oil into the ocean. |
| What major change to oil ships was put into place after the Exxon Valdez spill? | Oil tankers had to have a double hull so that there was more protection of the oil making spill less likely to occur. |
| Where was the DeepWater Horizon Oil Rig? For how many days did oil leak into the ocean after the explosion? | Deepwater Horizon Oil Rig was located in the gulf of mexico, the oil leaked for 87 days after the original explosion. |
| How are marine mammals and birds affected by oil spills? | Some marine animals lose their insulation, some are poisoned by the oil, birds feathers get coated and they are unable to fly, many times the oil moves up the food chain and will also poison creatures. |
| List 4 possible clean-up strategies for an oil spill. | Burning the oil Skimming the oil up with booms Using a chemical dispersant Trying to scrub beaches and remove layers of sand to get rid of oil on the shore. |
| In the movie A Civil Action – the chemical TCE that was getting into the water, was causing what illness in children in Woburn? | The TCE was giving to the children of Woburn Leukemia. |
| Which government agency was ultimately responsible for finding the tanneries that hid their dumping and then removal of their toxic waste? | The EPA had taken over the case |
Created by:
J.Pinter
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