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Info Tech Ch. 3.5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hard Disk Drive (HDD) | The most common type of long-term storage that uses thick magnetic disks encased in a protective housing to store data |
| Optical Drive | A storage device that uses light instead of magnetism to store information (CD-ROM, DVD, and Blu-ray devices) |
| Flash Storage | A compact, portable storage device that uses special memory chips to store data |
| Solid State Devices (SSD) | A device with similar capacity to an HDD that uses flash storage instead of magnetic disks to store data. SSDs are much faster and more durable than hard disk drives but usually are more expensive |
| External Hard Disk Drives | An HDD that can be connected as a peripheral to a computer |
| Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording | Type of drive that allows bits of data to become smaller and more tightly packed while still retaining data. It uses a tiny laser to briefly heat the recording surface of the hard drive to write the data |
| 3D Flash Memory | Type of memory that implements tiers of solid-state flash memory stacked on top of each other allowing for much greater storage capacity at a lower cost than 2D flash memory |
| Synthesized DNA Strands | Synthetically produced artificial DNA that is capable of storing vast amounts of information and may be a solution to long-term massive storage |
| File | The smallest container within a computer's storage system that is used to store information such as data, settings, and commands used in a computer program. A file is the smallest container that can be copied, deleted, or moved within a file system |
| File Format | The way a file is organized. File formats are indicated by an extension such as .jpg, .gif, .png., .mp3, .wav, .wma, .mp4, .avi, and .wmv |
| File System | The methods and structures that an operating system uses to organize files on a storage device like a hard drive. File systems often use directory structures to keep track of files |
| Compression | Reencoding a file to consume less storage space |
| Encryption | The process of converting information so it cannot be understood without decrypting it using a key, especially to prevent unauthorized access |
| File Permissions | The use of user and file attributes that control which users can read, write, move, or delete each file |
| Journaling | The process of tracking changes to a file so that a file can be repaired or restored in case of file corruption or data loss |
| Drive | The top-level folder, or directory, of a file system |
| Partitioning | The process of dividing a single physical disk into multiple logical drives called volumes |
| Fragmentation | When parts of a single file, program, or application are stored in different areas of a physical disk |
| Defragmentation | A utility in which all fragmented files on a drive are found and reconsolidated into the same physical location on the disk |
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