Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chem Exam 3
Chapters 4-5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Thermochemistry | Quantitative study of chem reactions involving the transfer of heat |
| 2 Types of chem reactions | Exothermic and Endothermic |
| 2 Types of energy | Potential and Kinetic |
| Potential | Energy due to position ( stored) |
| Kinetic | Energy due to motion |
| Chemistry Potential Energy | breaking and making of chemical bonds |
| 1st Law of thermodynamics | total energy of universe remains constant (Energy can not be created or destroyed but transferred from one form to another) |
| 7 forms of energy | Mechanical, Radiant/Solar, Sound, Chemical, Heat, Electrical, Nuclear |
| Universe equation | System + Surroundings |
| Exothermic | Heat(q) exits or Work (w) done by the system |
| Endothermic | Heat(q) enters or Work (w) is done on the system |
| 3 types of systems | Open, Closed, Isolated |
| State Functions | properties that are determined by the state o the system, regardless of how the condition was achieved |
| 4 examples of state function | Energy, Pressure, Volume, Temperature |
| What is Temperature | Measure of Hotness |
| Absolute Zero | 0K Lowest Possible Temp |
| Change of 1 degree Celsius equals | 1 K change |
| Heat always moves from | hot (more energetic) to cold (less energetic) |
| Thermal Energy | Joules or Cal energy associated with motion of particles |
| Heat | Transfer of thermal energy from one place to another collision of particles |
| Thermal Energy depends on | how much material you have |
| temp depends on | average Kinetic Energy of the particles |
| Heat Capacity | amount of heat required to raise the temp by one degree |
| Heat capacity is sample size dependent | True |
| Specific Heat Capacity | independents sample size |
| Calorimetry | the experimental determination of heat flow |
| Specific heat with large volume | takes longer to change heat |
| Q=m*c*^T | M= mass in grams, c=Specific heat (J/K*G), ^T=change in temp (final- initial) |
| Thermochemical Equations | where we deal with 1 mole of product ( reactant fractions) |
| ^H | change in enthalpy for the reaction that forms 1 mole of a substance from its elements in there standard states |
| Hess's Law | if a reaction is carried out in a series of steps, ^H for the reaction equals sum of enthalpy changes |
| 4 types of Physics | Electricity, Magnetism, Radioactivity, Light |
| Frequency (v) | number of waves per second |
| higher frequency equals | higher energy |
| Visible light | consists of electromagnetic waves |
| Electromagnetic Radiation | the emission and transmission of energy in the form of electromagnetic waves |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | Gamma, X-ray, UV, Visible, Infrared, Microwaves, Radar, TV/Radio |
| Gamma rays (left) are | Short and Fast with high energy |
| TV/Radio Waves are | Long and Slow with Low energy |
| Visible Spectrum | ROYGBIV backwards |
| Wavelength and frequency of radiant energy | Inversely Related |
| Radiational Energy | Proportional to frequency directly |
| Light | Both a wave and a particle, result of an excited electron returning to a lower energy level |
| Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle | define the energy of an electron exactly but accept limitation that we do not know the exact positions |
| Schrodinger's Wave Equation | Describes energy of a given electron, probability of finding an electron in volume of space |
| n | energy levels |
| l | shape of orbital, volume of space that e- occupies |
| ml | orientation off the orbital in space |
| l equals | n-1 |
| ml numbers | plus or minus l and everything in-between |
| 2 electrons in the same orbital | they have sake n, l, ml, but deferent ms |
| Pauli Exclusion Principle | no 2 electrons in an atom can have the same 4 quantum numbers |
| 4 Quantum numbers | n, l, ml, ms |
| d4 exception | Cr, s level doesnt fill |
| d9 exception | doesnt fill s level, Cu |
| Zn | completely filled and nonmagnetic |
| the more unpaired | the more magnetic |
| 4 periodic trends | Atomic Size, Ionic Size, Ionization Energy, Electron Affinity |
| where is the nucleus | Center of XYZ coordinate |
| X-Ray Spectrosapy | indirect measurement, diffraction pattern |
| Atomic Radius decreases | left to right where left the biggest |
| Z*= | Z-(number of core electrons) |
| Atomic Radius Increasing in size | Top to Bottom where bottom the biggest |
| Cations | Loose electrons and are smaller than neutral |
| Anions | Gain electrons and are bigger than neutral |
| Ionization Energy | minimum energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom in its grand state |
| ionization Energy formula | I1 + X(g)=X+(g)+e- |
| what takes more energy | takes more energy to move additional electrons |
| Electron Affinity | reflects ability's of an atom to accept one or more electrons, energy charge that occurs when an electron is added to gaseous atom |
| Large negative electron affinity | negatives ion is more stable |
| 11 Gases | H, N, O, F, He, Cl, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn |
| 2 liquids | Hg, Br |
Created by:
brkolstoe
Popular Chemistry sets