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Med Term Chap 21

Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Addiction Physical and psychological dependence on and craving for a drug
Additive action Drugaction in which the combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each.
Aerosol Particles of drug suspended in air.
Anaphylaxis Exaggerated hyoersensitivity reaction to a drug or foreign organism.
Antagonistic action Combonation of two drugs gives less than an additive effect (action).
Antidote Agent given to counteract an unwanted effect of a drug.
Contraindications Factors in the patient’s condition that prevent the use of a particular drug or treatment.
Iatrogenic Condition caused by treatment given by medical personnel.
Idiosyncrasy Unexpected effect produced in a particularly sensitive individual but not seen in most patients.
Inhalation Administration of drugs in gaseous or vapor form through the nose or mouth.
Medicainal chemistry Study of new drug synthesis; relationship between chemical structure and biological effects.
Molecular pharmacology Study of interaction of drugs and subcellular entities such as DNA, RNA, and enzymes.
Parenteral administration Drugs are given by injection into the skin, muscles, or veins.
Pharmacist Prepares and dispenses drugs.
Pharmacy Location for preparing and dispensing drugs; also the study of.
Pharmacodynamics Study of the effects of a drug within the body.
Pharmacology Study of preparation, properties, uses, and actions of drugs.
Receptor Target substance with which a drug interacts in the body.
Synergism Combination of two drugs that causes an effect that is greater than the sum of the individual effects of each drug alone.
Toxicity Harmful effects of a drug
Toxicology Study of harmful chemicals and their effects on the body.
Transport Movement of a drug across a cell membrane into body cells.
Vitamin Substance found in foods and essential in small quantities for growth and good health.
ACE Inhibitor Lowers blood pressure. Angiotensin-convrtyinh rnzyme inhibitors block the conversion of angiotensin I and angiotensin II.
Amphetamine Central nervous system stimulant.
Analgesic Relieves pain.
Androgen Male hormone.
Anesthetic Reduces or eliminates sensation; general and local.
Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Lowers blood pressure by oreventing angiotensin from acting on receptors in blood vessels.
Antacid Neutralizes acid in the stomach.
Antiandrogen Slows the uptake of androgens or interferes with their binding in tissues.
Antiarrhythmic Treats abnormal heart rhythms.
Antibiotic Chemical substance, produced by a plant or microorganism, that has the ability to inhibit or kill foreign organisms in the body.
Antiemetic Prevents nausea and vomiting.
Antiplatelet Inhibits the secretion of acid by cells of the lining of the stomach.
Aromatase inhibitor Reduces the amount of estrogen in the blood.
Beta-blocker Blocks the action of epinephrine at sites on receptors of heart muscle cells, the muscle lining of blood vessels, and bronchial tubes.
Bisphosphonate Prevents bone loss in osteoporosis.
Calcium Antagonist Blocks the entrance of calcium into heart muscle and muscle lining of blood vessels.
Cardiovascular Acts on the heart and blood vessels.
Cathartic Relieves constipation.
Diuretic Increases the production of urine and thus reduces the volume of fluid in the body.
Emetic Promotes vomiting.
Endocrine Ahormone or hormone-like drug.
Estrogen Female hormone responsible for secondary sex characteristics.
Gastrointestinal Relieves symptoms of diseases in the gastrointestinal tract.
Glucocorticoid Hormone from the adrenal cortex that raises blood sugar and reduces inflammation.
Hypnotic Produces sleep.
Laxative Weak cathartic.
Narcotic Habit-forming drug that relieves pain by producing stupor or insensibility.
Progestin Female hormone that affects the lining of the uterus during pregnancy.
Purgative Strong cathartic.
Respiratory Treats asthnam emphysema, and infections of the repiratory system.
Sedative A mildly hypnotic drug that relaxes without necessarily producing sleep.
SERM Selective estrogen modulator with estrogen-like effect on bones and fat metabolism.
Stimulant Excites and promotes activity.
Thyroid hormone Stimulates cellular metabolism.
Tranquilizer Controls anxiety and severe disturbances of behavior.
Created by: suprant
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