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Inside Earth 2.1
Ch. 2:1 Earth's Crust in Motion
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Stress | A force acting on rock to change its shape or volume. |
shearing | Stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions |
compression | Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks |
tension | Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle. |
deformation | A change in the volume or shape of Earth’s crust. |
fault | a break in Earth's crust where slabs of rock slip past each other |
strike-slip fault | A fault where rocks on either side move past each other sideways with little up-or-down motion. |
normal fault | A fault where the hanging wall slides downward; caused by tension in the crust. |
hanging wall | The block of rock that lies above a fault line. |
foot wall | The block of rock that lies below the fault line. |
fault-block mountain | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides upward. |
fold | A mountain that forms where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock. |
anticline | A bend in rock that forms where part of Earth’s crust is compressed. |
syncline | An upward fold in rock formed by compression of Earth’s crust. |
plateau | A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level. |