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Stack #39723

A&P2 Test 5 #8 Urinary-Auto Reg. & Extrinsic Controls

QuestionAnswer
RENAL AUTOREGULATION is accomplished by the: JGA & neg.feedback mechanisms, which are triggered when the filteration rate is decreasine
Renal Autoregulation kicks in: when glomerular pressure falls.
When Renal autoregulation kicks in: the afferent arteriole & glomerular capillaries dilate & the efferent arteriole constricts
The MD signals the smooth: muscles in the afferent arteriole wall to relax
The vessels will then dilate causing: more blood to flow into the glomerulus
The pressure then increases, thereby increasing the rate of filtration
The JGA releases: renin
renin causes angiotensin to form angiotensin 1
angiotensin 1 is rapidly changed: into angiotensin II by ACE
ACE is in the: plasma and lungs
Angiotensin II is a powerful vaso constrictor & stimulates the smooth muscle of efferent arteriole walls to contractto
The efferent arteriole walls contracting cause: blood to back up into the glomerulus & increase glomerular pressureu
Hence the glomerular: filteration rate is increased
Renin also stimulates the adrenal cortex to prod: aldosterone
aldosterone enhances renal reabsorption of Na+ & encourages the postier pituitary to release ADH
ADH increases water retention
Increasing water retention means that: ADH helps increase blood volumn & BP
Aldosterone, angiotensin II & ADH all: work to increase BP & volumn
ANP provides homeostatic regulation of this sys by lowering BP
ANP causes dilation of the: afferent arteriole & constriction of the efferent arteriole
thereby increasing the GFR &: increasing urine production
Extrinsic Controls are from the sympathetic NS as well as baroreceptors
BARORECEPTORS are located in: BV walls of systemic circluation
Sympathetic activation results in: vaso-constriction of the afferent arterioles
Micturation occurs when apx: 200 ml of urine accumulates in bladder
MICTURITION FEFLEX CENTERS: are located in thesacral region of spinal cord
Urine is 95% water
When micturition reflex centers recieve impulses; parasympathetic fibers cause the detrusor muscles to contract & the sphincters to relax
As urine works its way into: urethra, afferent impulses are sent to brain stem & cerebral cortex:need to void urine!
 

 



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