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Computer Science Qs.
G11
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are some of the things that must be considered when planning a new system? | The extents and limitations of the system, capabilities The target audience of the system The target content and context of the system |
| What is change management? | When change needs to occur in a field of technology, there needs to be a set of processes that are followed so that both users, developers and the system itself will be in a stable state to maintain and sustain future advancements/replacements |
| Why is change management an integral part of system development? | Smooth transitions (plan, communicate, integrate, evaluate) |
| What is a legacy system? | A system that was once utilized but has been put out of usage now can no longer be updated to fit modern standards (safety/security, other updates, programs) |
| Describe some of the issues system designers must consider when dealing with legacy systems? | The compatibility between the legacy system and modern programs |
| Describe some of the issues system designers must consider when dealing with a merger? | Time zones, cultural differences, languages, merging between different software and operating systems, data compatibility, general software or application differences |
| What are some of the advantages of this type of system implementation? | Advantages: Software integration uses Security concerns cause of third party services providers, identity and access management |
| What are some of the disadvantages of this type of system implementation? | Disadvantages: Government compliance regulations of storing customer data in a remote data center f.eg laws might be different in different countries Data corruption/recovery |
| List three benefits of SaaS? | Easy administration Auto updates and patches Same compatibility Global accessibility Well suited for small businesses |
| Direct changeover | One system out other system in No backups if the new one does not work , can’t just insert the old one back. High risk and also can be cheapest Supermarket taking the tills out overnight and adding new ones in |
| Parallel running | Both systems, old and new, run simultaneously for a given period of time Lowest risk so it is the most popular Any issues revert to the old one Cost is higher to run 2 systems Can be time consuming, more staff etc |
| Phased changeover | Changing bit by bit, system is changed one step at a time Converting accounts receivable, accounts payable, payroll etc Low cost and isolated errors Disadvantage is time consuming |
| Pilot changeover | Tried on a test site before launching company wide A bank may test the system at one of its branches Pilot or beta site for the program Allows companies to run the new system next to their old but on a much smaller scale More cost effective |
| What is data migration? | The moving of data |
| How can data be moved? | USB drive, big databases exchanging information across countries into different time zones |
| What are some common data migration problems? | Null Duplicate data Data non-conformity Inconsistent and inaccurate data Incomplete file formats Validation rules Incomplete data transfers Differences in data/currency/character set |
| What is the purpose of system testing? | Ensure to see that works as expected Testing the performance of the system |
| What are some types of system testing? | Unit test (Each module is tested) System test (Testing overall function and performance) Recovery test (Forces software to fail) Security test (Attempts to verify that protection mechanism work properly) Stress test (Resources in abnormal quantities) |
| What are some types of system testing? (2) | Automated testing (System test) User acceptance testing (Is it what the user expects?) Usability testing (Does it meet functional requirements?) Acceptance testing (Tested for acceptability?) Static testing (Looking through code) |
| What is alpha testing? | First phase of testing process includes unit testing and system testing Performed at developer’s site |
| What is beta testing? | Second phase where audience tries the product out like a sample Performed at client location |
| Explain the importance of user documentation | Any document that explains how to use tagged features if a system Comes with books, pdfs, manuals, pamphlets, videos Intended to help the users of the system Users are usually non technical people User documentation usually has install guides/FAQ |
| What are some causes of data loss? | Failure (Power failure, hardware failure, data corruption) Crime (Theft, hacking, sabotage, worm, virus, trojan) |
| What can be used to prevent data loss? | Backup, failover system, redundancy, removable media, offsite storage, online storage |
| What are some strategies for managing releases/updates | Release (Launch of new product) Update (Fixes code/problems, usually free) Patches (Security vulnerabilities, software bugs, drivers) |
| A computer can be a; | Client, server, router, firewall, email server, DNS server |
| Who might be affected by a new system? | Stakeholder (Has interest in an organization) Internal (Employees, managers, owners) External (Suppliers, society, government, creditors, stakeholders, customers) |
| What is utilitarianism> | When designing a new system, usually try to design it for the greatest good and greatest number of people. Utilize efficiently |
| What are some methods to obtain information from stakeholders? | Surveys, interviews, direct observation, collecting documents |
| What are some techniques used for gathering information about systems? | Examining current systems, looking at competing products, organizational capabilities (Can they afford a new system, can staff use it, enough money?) Literature searches (Books, websites, articles, academic papers, videos) |
| What are some methods used to illustrated system requirements? | System flow chart Data flow diagram Structure chart Gantt chart |
| List inputs in a computer system; | Keyboard Mouse Microphone Scanner Camera |
| List outputs in a computer system; | Printers Speakers Motors Monitors Heaters |
| Describe the purpose of prototypes to demonstrate the proposed system to the client | Abstract representations of the system, focuses usually on only one or two key aspects |
| Why are prototypes important | Important because all components can be tested before implementation and to illustrator how it will work in the future for the client |
| 3 stages of SDLC | Feasibility - Existing system is evaluated Analysis - System requirements are defined Design - The proposed system is designed Implement - New system is developed, new components and programs are obtained and installed |
| 2 more stages of SDCL | Test - System is put to use, phased in, gradually replaced Maintain - Should be exhaustively evaluated, constant maintenance |
| Why is the iterative approach to the SDLC better than a linear approach? | Because you do some analysis, some design and some implementation. Based on what you learn, you cycle back through and do more analysis. This supports human learning better and is used more nowadays. |
| What are some possible consequences of failing to involve the end-user in the design process? | User may be unsatisfied System might be unsuited for the user’s problem, might affect productivity |
Created by:
LimppuBiscuit
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