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Unit 2 Vocab

TermDefinition
Bottleneck Effect A reduction in the genetic diversity of a population caused by a reduction in its size.
Cultural Services a non-material benefit that contributes to the development and cultural advancement of people, including how ecosystems play a role in local, national, and global cultures; the building of knowledge and the spreading of ideas
Dissolved Oxygen a measure of how much oxygen is dissolved in the water - the amount of oxygen available to living aquatic organisms.
Ecological Succession the process of change in the species that make up an ecological community over time
Ecosystem Engineer a keystone species that physically modifies the ecosystem to give habitat to other organisms
Ecosystem Services produce the many life-sustaining benefits we receive from nature
Founder Effect A change in the genetic composition of a population as a result of descending from a small number of colonizing individuals.
Hypoxic/Dead Zone low in oxygen
Indicator Species plants and animals that have an added significance because of what they can tell us about the overall health of the ecosystem.
Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis The hypothesis that ecosystems experiencing intermediate levels of disturbance are more diverse than those with high or low disturbance levels
Island Biogeography species richness in isolated habitats is regulated by local extinction and colonization and should vary with habitat size and proximity to potential sources of colonizers
Keystone Species a species of high trophic status whose activities exert a disproportionate influence on the pattern of species diversity in a community. Can include predators, prey, pollinators, habitat providers, & ecosystem engineers.
Lichen a complex life form that is a symbiotic partnership of two separate organisms, a fungus and an algae, pioneer species in primary succession
Niches an organisms role in its ecosystem
Pioneer Species certain hearty plants and lichens with few soil requirements
Primary Succession the colonization of habitats devoid of life, occurs in a new habitat with no vegetation prior to succession, new land surfaces require species to colonize the area from outside, no soil present
Provisions any type of benefit to people that can be extracted from nature, include drinking water, timber, wood fuel, natural gas, oils, plants that can be made into clothes and other materials, and medicinal benefits.
Regulating Services the benefit provided by ecosystem processes that moderate natural phenomena. Include pollination, decomposition, water purification, erosion and flood control, and carbon storage and climate regulation
Resilience the rate at which an ecosystem returns to its original state after a disturbance
Resistance a measure of how much a disturbance can affect the flows of energy and matter in an ecosystem
Secondary Succession occur in habitats following a disturbance, which leaves seeds, spores, or the subterranean portions of plants present, soil already present
Species Evenness The relative proportion of individuals within the different species in a given area
Species Richness The number of species in a given area
Support Services the consistency of underlying natural processes, such as photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, the creation of soils, and the water cycle; allow the Earth to sustain basic life forms; allow, provisional, regulating, and cultural services to exist
Turbidity a measure of water clarity
Watershed an area of land that drains or “sheds” water into a specific waterbody
Created by: willowcolton
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