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PHARM 1
p.282-287
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Vd | Conc in the body/plasma drug concentration |
| CL | Rate of Elimination/Plasma drug conc. |
| T1/2 | .7 x Vd/CL |
| Loading Dose | Conc (target) x Vd/Bioavailabitily |
| Maintenance Dose | C (target) x CL/Bioavailability |
| Zero order Kinetics | Rate of elimination is constant (linear reduction in drug concentration over time) |
| First Order Kinetics | Rate of Elimination is proportional to the drug Conc. (constant Fraction) so that the elimination varies exponentially with time |
| what is more predictable first or zero order kinetics | Zero (there is nothing to thing about ) |
| what is a Phase I metabolism | HOR, Hydrolysis, Oxidation, Reduction (yields slightly polar water soluble often still active metabolite) |
| What is a Phast II metabolism | GAS (Glucuronidation, acetylation, and sulfation) yields very polar inactive metabolites |
| how long does it take to get to the IND level of drug dev | 4 years (requires dev. of a lead compound and animal testing) |
| what are the phases after IND status has been granted | Phase 1(safe?) 2 (does it work?) 3 (Double blind study) |
| How long does it take to get to the NDA | New drug application can typically be filed 8-9 years after the intiation |
| what is phase 4 of drug development | post marketing surveillance |
| what is the order of drug dev. | lead compound, animals, IND, Safe?, Work on patients?, Double blind study?, NDA, Phase 4 surveillance |
| what effect does a competitive antagonist have on the curve | it shifts it to the right (can still overcome) |
| what effect does a non-competitive antagonist have on the curve | shifts the curve downward, you can't overcome the effect |
| what is Kd | refers to the number of receptors involved |
| what is Ed | Effective Dose (refers to the effect the drug is having) |
| how does a partial agonist compare to a full with respect to potency and efficacy | a partial will always have lower efficacy but may be more or less potent |
| Any thing that ends in -cillin Mech | blocks cell wall synthesis by inhibiting cross linking |
| Imipenem Mech | blocks cell wall synthesis by inhibiting cross linking |
| Aztreonam Mech | blocks cell wall synthesis by inhibiting cross linking |
| Cephalosporin | blocks cell wall synthesis by inhibiting cross linking |
| Vancomycin mech | blocks peptidoglycan synthesis |
| Cycloserine Mech | blocks peptidoglycan synthesis |
| bacitracin Mech | blocks peptidoglycan synthesis |
| Chloramphenicol mech | 50S block |
| allmost all Mycins (not vanco or aminoglycosides) mech | 50S block |
| Aminoglycosides (Amikamycin, Gobramycin, Tobramycin) Mech | 30S block |
| Sulfonamides and Trimethoprim Mech | Block Nucleotide synthesis |
Created by:
FIRST AID
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