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PHYL 141

EXAM 1

QuestionAnswer
Which plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions? FRONTAL
Which directional term means farther from the midline? LATERAL
Which subspecialty of anatomy deals with the study of structural changes associated with disease? embryology PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY
The lungs are located in the PLEURAL CAVITY
ATP is the body's energy currency derived from the mitochondria TRUE
Which response shows the correct sequence of the structural levels of organization?  chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organismal
A transverse plane will cut a body or organ into SUPERIOR AND INFERIOR
Which of the following organs is not found in the abdominal cavity? DIAPHRAGM
The sternum is _____ to the heart ANTERIOR
Which directional term means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk or farther from the origination of a structure? DISTAL
In this phase, chromatin condenses into distinct chromosomes each held together by a centromere. PROPHASE
The cells of the human body can differ in size and shape, and some can even alter their shape. This is an example of cellular diversity. TRUE
Meiosis differs from mitosis in that meiosis involves ______ division(s), with replication of DNA _______. By the time that cells complete meiosis, they will consist of _______ chromosomes. TWICE, ONCE, 23
Which of the following amphipathic molecules form the cell’s bi-lipid membrane? PHOSPHOLIPIDS
Which is NOT a characteristic of an organic compound?: INCLUDES WATER AND CARBON DIOXIDE
What organelles generate ATP through the reactions of aerobic cellular respiration? MITOCHONDRIA
In this phase, centromeres split; chromatids (now called daughter chromosomes) are dragged by microtubules to opposite poles of the cell ANAPHASE
The cytoplasm of a cell is made up of which of the following? CYTOSOL AND ORGANELLES
In the diagram, which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell and is where the krebs cycle takes place? F
Dietary glucose is transported into a cell against its concentration gradient with the aid of membrane proteins called Na+/glucose _____. SYMPORTERS
Transcription takes place in the ________ with the help of the enzyme called ________ NUCLEUS AND RNA POLYMERASE
In what part of a cell would you find most of a cell's genetic material? NUCLEUS
The fatty acid tails of the lipid bilayer are _________ and therefore _________: NON-POLAR, HYDROPHOBIC
Which image represents a linker protein? D
The cell membrane structure is best described by the ______ of membrane structure. FLUID MOSAIC MODEL
Which of the following organelles plays an important role in phagocytosis (a type of endocytosis), contains a variety of digestive enzymes, and has transport pumps that maintain an acidic pH inside the organelle? LYSOSOMES
What type of endocytosis allows cells to "drink" (take up tiny droplets of extracellular fluid)? PINOCYTOSIS
Most cells of the body are somatic cells, which are classified as ___________ because each cell contains the ____ number of chromosomes. In humans, this number is ________. DIPLOID, 2N, 46
A smoker is more prone to cough to try to remove foreign particles from their airway due to paralyzed ________. CILIA
During this phase chromatids line up with their centromeres along the equatorial plane. METAPHASE
Which provides energy for various cell functions? ATP
The outermost electron shell of an atom is termed the _______ shell. VALENCE
The random mixture or movement of molecules in a solution from an area of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is called: DIFFUSION
What is the role of enzymes in a reaction? Enzymes speed up a reaction without being altered or consumed
In the diagram which particles comprise the electron cloud? C
Which of the following would increase the rate of diffusion through a membrane? INCREASED SURFACE AREA
Which of the following would be an example of an anion? CL-
The synthesis of complex molecules from smaller ones refers to: ANABOLIC PROCESS
In the diagram, what pH value represents a basic solution? 12
In a chemical reaction, the number of atoms of each element before the reaction and after the reaction: STAYS THE SAME
This process indicates that at least as far as the blood cells are concerned, blood has the properties of what type of fluid? SUSPENSION
An unpaired electron in the outer shell of an oxygen molecule is called a/an: SUPEROXIDE FREE RADICAL
The primary source for ATP is the human body is GLUCOSE
Which of the following solutions would cause hemolysis of red blood cells? HYPOTONIC
A pH of 7.0 has ____ than a pH of 5.0. 100 TIMES LESS ACIDIC
The energy needed to start a biological reaction is called: ACTIVATION ENRGY
When two or more atoms share electrons instead of gaining or losing electrons ____ are formed. COVALENT BONDS
What are the four most common elements in human bodies? C,H,O,N
Which organ is located primarily in the Right Upper Quadrant? LIVER
The science of body structures and the relationships among the structures is called: ANATOMY
Equilibrium or balance in the body’s internal fluid environment is termed: HOMEOSTASIS
Atoms and molecules are part of which level of organization in the human body? CHEMICAL
The homeostasis of the body - controlled through a series of steps called a feedback system or feedback loop. ORGAN would frequently serve as the control center for a feedback system (remember, the control center evaluates the disruption to homeostasis BRAIN
Which pair of terms could be used to describe the location of the nose when compared to the location of the eyes? MEDIAL AND INFERIOR
Regulation of blood glucose in the body is an example of homeostasis. TRUE
Your hunger at 6:00 AM prompts you to head towards breakfast. Which characteristic of living organisms best fits this activity? RESPONSIVENESS
The four quadrant areas of the abdominopelvic cavity are used: TO LOCATE PAIN
Which of the following sets the range of values within which a controlled condition should be maintained, evaluates the input it receives, and generates output commands? CONTROL CENTER
Created by: lesinamv
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