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Health & Disease

Concepts of Health and Disease Key Terms

TermDefinition
acute vs. chronic Description of longevity of clinical course, one meaning long the other meaning short
clinical manifestations Evidence of a disease in a person
disease prevention: primary, secondary, tertiary primary = avoid development of disease, secondary = detect possible disease, and tertiary = preventing disease from spreading or worsening.
etiology Cause of disease, including agents, acquisition spot, and risk factors. No set number of factors equal a set number of diseases.
evidence-based practice the use of health guidelines to create a plan of action that will aid the patient
histology Study of microscopic structure, chemical composition, and function of tissues. Used to identify abnormalities in patients.
homeostasis The point that the human body is at perfect equilibrium
incidence vs. prevalence incidence involves people who have gotten sick, while prevalence is the amount of people in a population and time frame the are infected.
morphology Study of form and function of cells and tissues
morbidity Rate of disease in a population
mortality rate of death due to disease in a population
precipitating factors Factors or triggers that increase clinical manifestation i.e. pollen worsening asthma
pathogenesis How a disease infects and spreads in an individual after exposure until it's expression . Process is entrance, spreading, colonizing, spreading and repeat.
pathophysiology The study of disease processes within the body. Including etiology, pathogenesis, morphologic changes, clinical manifestations, medical diagnosis, and clinical course. Used to prevent sickness.
prognosis the prospect of recovery or probable outcome
remission Period of time that a disease decreases in severity and symptoms
risk factors can be congenital or aquired and can be modifiable or nonmodifiable
Acute Severe disease that lasts less than six months or is not lifelong.
Chronic Continuous lifelong disease
Etiologic Agents Biologic, Physical, Chemical, and Nutritional
Nosocomial infections diseases acquired from the care facility.
Iatrogenic Events Treatment that isn't applied properly that leads to infections and results in a new or worse disease. ie: wrong blood type for transfusion
Idiopathic diseases Origins of disease or where it was acquired are unknown.
Congenital Conditions Condition acquired at birth.
Acquired Defects Condition acquired after birth
Morphological Changes structural changes in a cell or tissue that is characteristic of a certain disease i.e. sickle cells
Sign Clinical manifestation that is observed externally. i.e. temperature, blood pressure, and heartrate.
Symptom Clinical manifestations that are only observed internally by the patient. i.e. dizziness, pain, and nausea.
Local manifestations Signs or symptoms found at the site of infection.
Systematic manifestations signs or symptoms found throughout the whole body. i.e. fever
Medical diagnosis Product and process of identifying a disease, condition, or injury, from it's signs and symptoms.
exacerbation increase in severity of disease and prevalence of symptoms.
Epidemiology the study of disease occurrence in human populations
Incidence # of newly diagnosed cases of a disease during a specific time
Prevalence # of people who have the disease at a specific time
Recovery ppl who are no longer in prevalence, aka no longer sick.
Natural History of Disease Progression of a disease overtime without healthcare intervention.
Created by: loavpoav
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