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unit 1 vocabulary

TermDefinition
Location the site or position of place or thing
Environment the surroundings in which people, plants, or animals live
Plain a large area of flat, or nearly flat, land
Barrier Island a narrow island between the mainland and the ocean
Escarpment a steep slope or cliff
Fault line a crack in Earths surface caused by moving plates
Plateau an area of high, flat land
Aquifer a layer of rock or gravel that absorbs rainfall and keeps it flowing underground
Basins a sunken area in a plateau found between mountain ranges
Elevation height above sea level
Arid lacking enough water for things to grow
Petroleum a type of oil that is the source for gasoline
Drought a period of lower than normal precipitation
Erosion the wearing away of Earths surface by the movement of water, wind, ice, and gravity
Mesa a small, high plateau
Butte a flat-topped hill, smaller than a mesa
Agribusiness large-scale farming including production, processing, and distribution
Nomad person who moves from place to place
Archaeologist scientist who studies the physical remains of the past
Artifact any object made or used by humans such as tools, pottery, bones, and shells
Hunter-gatherer person who lives by hunting and gathering food, rather than growing it
Shaman person believed to have the power to summon spirits and heal the sick
Confederacy a union of different groups
Matrilineal referring to a group that traces kinship through the mothers line
Adobe a mix of sun-dried earth and straw used to build houses
Patrilineal referring to a group that traces kinship through the fathers line
Tepee a portable home made of tanned bison hides fastened to a framework of poles
Middleman a dealer or agent acting as a go-between for the producers of goods and retailers or consumers
Tribe A tribe is a number of bands that follow the same leader and share the same territory and culture.
Gulf Indians Coahuiltecans, Karankawas (harshest environment, hunter-gatherers, ate snakes, lizards, snails, armadillos, etc., greatly affected by European diseases)
Plains Indians Kiowas, Apache, Comanche, Tonkawas (Nomadic, followed the buffalo, wore buffalo skin clothing and lived in tepees)
Puebloan Indians Chochos, Tiguas, Adobe (Lived in the Mountain & basin region of Texas where there was very little plant life. They ate seeds, cactus, small animals, lived in pueblos built adobe style with clay)
Southeastern Indians Wichita, Atakapans, Caddo ( Lived in the piney woods area of Texas, had face & body tattoos, were hunter-gatherers)
Era A period of time
Pre-history Era This era is the prehistory of Texas up to the point of contact with Europeans in 1528.This era includes natural geologic history as well as Native American history.
Age of Contact 1528-1690 -This era Includes the encounters of Cabeza de Vaca and the numerous expeditions over the next 150 years that define what the Europeans and American Indians understood about each other and Texas.
Spanish Colonial Era 1690-1821- This era deals with the efforts of Spain to bring Texas under Spanish control. The Spanish established missions, town, ranches, and military posts in South Central and East Texas.
Ogallala Aquifer a large aquifer, or an underground layer of porous rock that contains water, that stretches from South Dakota to Central Texas
Austin the capital of Texas, located in Central Texas in the Coastal Plains region
Rio Grande Valley an area at the southern tip of Texas along the northern bank of the Rio Grande River as it nears the Gulf of Mexico
Beringia a region now covered in water that was exposed during the last ice age, it included the Bering Strait that connects Alaska and Asia
Migrate To move from one place to another for social, economical, or religious reasons
Created by: user-1714956
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