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Psych Meds -Jescob22
Psych Meds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Endogenous chemicals that transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a synapse | Neurotransmitter |
| Found on the surface of a cell, that receives chemical signals from outside the cell. When such external substances bind to a receptor, they direct the cell to do something, such as divide, die, or allow specific substances to enter or exit the cell. | Receptors |
| SSRI Side effects | Sweaty, Hot, restlessness, rigid, and increased HR. - Reduced sexually desire (ED) |
| 3 Psych Drug Classes | -Antidepressants -Anxiolytics (Anti- Anxiety) -Antipsychotics |
| Classify Citalopram (Celexa) | Antidepressant: SSRI |
| Classify Escitalopram (Lexapro) | Antidepressant: SSRI |
| Classify Sertraline (Zoloft) | Antidepressant: SSRI |
| Classify Fluoxetine (Prozac) | Antidepressant: SSRI |
| Classify Paroxetine (Paxil) | Antidepressant: SSRI |
| Classify Fluvoxamine (Luvox)-Specifically for OCD | Antidepressant: SSRI |
| Classify Amitriptyline(elavil) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| Classify Amoxapine(Asendin) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| Classify Clomipramine (Anafranil) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| Classify Doxepin(Sinequan) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| Classify Imipramine(Tofranil) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| Classify Desipramine(Norpramine) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| Classify Mirtazapine (Remeron) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| Classify Nortriptyline (Pamelor) | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| How does SSRI's work? | Serotonin is normally removed from the synapse by reuptake sites on the presynaptic neuron. SSRI's block the serotonin reuptake sites, allowing serotonin to remain active in the synapse longer. |
| SSRI Nursing Implications | -High risk of SI (especially in teens and young adults). -Delayed onset of action (3-4 wks.) -Monitor for serotonin syndrome -Monitor for hyponatremia |
| Define Serotonin Syndrome | A syndrome caused by the combination of multiple medications that affect serotonin. |
| How long does it take to develop serotonin syndrome? | It typically develops within 24 hours from the combination of medication and can range from mild to a life-threatening syndrome. |
| 2nd Line of Tx for depression | Antidepressants: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) |
| 1st line of Tx for depression | Antidepressants: SSRIs (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor |
| How do TCA work? | Norepinephrine and serotonin are normally removed from the synapse by reuptake sites. Tricyclic antidepressants block norepinephrine and serotonin reuptake sites allowing these neurotransmitters to remain active i the synapse longer. |
| Nursing Implications and Teachings-TCA’s | anticholinergic s/e’s: - dry mouth, -blurred vision, -constipation, -Ortho-B/P, - **cardiac dysrhythmias/function -lethal in OD |
| Why are there cardiac issues when taking TCA's? | Cardiac issues caused by: These drugs inhibit cardiovascular Na+, Ca2+ and K+ channels often leading to life-threatening arrhythmia. |
| 3rd line of Tx for depression | Antidepressants: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI) |
| Classify Isocarboxazid (Marplan) | Antidepressants: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI) |
| Classify Phenelzine (Nardil) | Antidepressants: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI) |
| Classify Tranlcypromine (Parnate) | Antidepressants: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI) |
| How do MAOIs work? | Norepinephrine and serotonin are normally destroyed by the enzyme monoamine (MAO). MAOIs block this enzyme, stopping the destruction of norepinephrine and serotonin, allowing for the neurotransmitters to remain active longer. |
| Nursing Implications and Teachings- MAOIs | -Diet Change: low tyramine diet; *Hypertensive crisis if diet contains tyramine foods. -Potentially fatal drug to drug interactions -------i.e. Meperidine, SSRI’s, TCA’s, Amphetamines *can be lethal in OD* |
| Used as mood stabilizers and psychosis | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Classify Haloperidol (Haldol) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Classify Loxapine (Loxitane, Loxapac) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Classify Fluphenazine (Prolixin) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Classify Perphenazine (Trilafon) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Classify Thioridazine (Mellaril) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Classify Trifluoperazine (Stelazine) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Thiothixene (Navane) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) | Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical |
| How do Antipsychotics -1st generation/Typical work? | -Blocks D2 (dopamine 2) receptors to relieve s/s of psychosis -Also blocks D2 receptors in other brain regions, causing major S/E |
| Classify Aripiprazole (Abilify) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Classify Lurasidone (Latuda) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Classify Olanzapine (Zyprexa) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Classify Paliperidone (Invega) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Classify Quetiapine (Seroquel) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Classify Risperidone (Risperdal) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Classify Ziprasidone (Geodon) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Classify Clozapine (Clozaril) | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Nursing Implications and Teachings - Atypical Antipsychotics | Contribute to: weight gain and metabolic syndrome. (Obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL, high BP, high fasting BS) BLACK BOX WARNING: elderly with dementia have a higher incidence of stroke/ha |
| Classify diazepam (Valium) | Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines |
| Classify alprazolam (Xanax) | Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines |
| Classify chlordiazepoxide (Librium) | Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines |
| Classify Clonazepam (Klonopin) | Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines |
| Classify lorazepam (Ativan) | Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines |
| Classify oxazepam (Serax) | Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines |
| Classify temazepam (Restoril) | Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines |
| How do Anti-Anxiety - Benzodiazepines work? | They make GABA more efficient by increasing the frequency with which the chlorine channel opens when GABA binds to its own site on this receptor. |
| Nursing Implications & Teachings- Benzos | -Do not give with other CNS depressants -Use cautiously in elderly -Monitor for physical & psychological dependence with long term use -Monitor confusion, memory impairment & motor coordination- ataxic gait -Monitor for Paradoxical reactions |
| Common side effects of Benzos include: | drowsiness, dizziness, muscle weakness, lack of balance or coordination, slurred speech |
| Classify Buspirone (Buspar) | Anti-Anxiety- Non-Benzo |
| Common side effects of Anti-Anxiety- Non-Benzo | headache; dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, upset stomach; or feeling nervous or excited |
| How do Anti-Anxiety- Non-Benzo work? | Does not affect the GABA 5-HT1A affects serotonin |
| zolpidem (Ambien) | Non-Benzos (sleep medication) |
| zaleplon (Sonata) | Non-Benzos (sleep medication) |
| Common side effects of Non-Benzos (sleep medication) | daytime drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, feeling "drugged" or light-headed; tired feeling, loss of coordination; |
| Nursing Implication - Non-Benzos (sleep medication) | -Assess respiratory function in patients with compromised respiratory status. -Monitor patients for S&S of depression (zolpidem may increase level of depression) -Monitor older adult or debilitated patients closely for impaired cognitive or motor function and unusual sensitivity to the drug's effects. |
Created by:
jescob22
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