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Interest Groups
Chapter 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| interest group | An organization of people sharing a common interest or goal that seeks to influence the making of public policy |
| Pluralism Theory | Groups influence public policy to make changes in the government |
| elitism/elite theory | A theory of American democracy contending that an upper-class elite holds the power and makes policy, regardless of the formal governmental organization. |
| Hyperpluralism Theory of Democracy | Groups are so strong that government is weakened causing policy gridlock. |
| policy gridlock | A condition that occurs when no coalition is strong enough to form a majority and establish policy. The result is that nothing may get done. |
| Iron Triangle | The three-way alliance among legislators, bureaucrats, and interest groups to make or preserve policies that benefit their respective interests. |
| potential group | All the people who might be interest group members because they share some common interest. |
| actual group | That part of the potential group consisting of members who actually join. |
| collective good | Something of value (money, a tax write-off, prestige, clean air, and so on) that cannot be withheld from a group member. |
| free rider problem | The problem faced by unions and other groups when people do not join because they can benefit from the group's activities without officially joining. The bigger the group, the more serious the problem. |
| selective benefits | Goods (such as information publications, travel discounts, and group insurance rates) that a group can restrict to those who pay their annual dues. |
| single-issue groups | Groups that have a narrow interest, tend to dislike compromise, and often draw membership from people new to politics. |
| Lobbying | Engaging in activities aimed at influencing public officials, especially legislators, and the policies they enact. |
| Electioneering | Direct group involvement in the electoral process, for example, by helping to fund campaigns, getting members to work for candidates, and forming political action committees. |
| union shop | A provision found in some collective bargaining agreements requiring all employees of a business to join the union within a short period, usually 30 days, and to remain members as a condition of employment. |
| right-to-work laws | A state law forbidding requirements that workers must join a union to hold their jobs. |
| public interest lobbies | organizations that seek "a collective good, the achievement of which will not selectively and materially benefit the membership of activities of the organization." |
Created by:
Mrs. Kaminski
Popular American Government sets