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Immunity, Part 1

TermDefinition
Colostrum First form of milk produced by mammary glands; it’s thick, yellowish, nutrient-dense and rich in antibodies and antioxidants
Complement system Set of plasma proteins that react with one another to i) opsonize (label) pathogens, ii) induce the inflammatory response, and iii) enhance the destruction of target cells or microbes
Hypogammaglobulinemia Immunodeficiency disorder caused by low serum immunoglobulin or antibody levels
Neutrophil Most abundant type of WBC that contains granules full of digestive enzymes for phagocytosis of pathogens or cell debris
Eosinophil Type of granulocyte that participates in allergic responses and fights parasitic infections
Mast cells Immune cells of the myeloid lineage that release histamines and other inflammatory mediators in response to allergens, pathogens, or tissue injury
Basophil Least common type of granulocyte that contains granules full of histamine
Monocytes Large agranulocytes that can differentiate into macrophages
B Lymphocyte Type of agranulocyte that matures in the bone marrow and has the potential to produce antibodies
T lymphocyte Type of agranulocyte that matures in the thymus; it may have helper, memory, regulatory, or cytotoxic immune functions
Bursa of Fabricius Specialized organ in birds where B cell maturation occurs
Thymus Gland where T lymphocyte production and maturation occurs; it is much larger in children than adults
Opportunistic infection Infection that occurs more frequently or is more severe in immunocompromised individuals
Titer Concentration of circulating pathogens or antibodies in the blood
Graft vs. Host Disease Serious complication following an allograft, especially a bone marrow or stem cell transplant, in which the graft’s immune cells perceive the host as foreign and attack host tissues
Host vs. Graft Disease Immune reactivity of the transplant recipient against introduced allografts, which can lead to transplant rejection
Antigen-presenting cell Also known as APC, a type of immune cell that boosts immune responses by showing antigens on its surface to other cells of the immune system.
Antibody Y-shaped protein that binds specifically to regions of pathogens or other cells that it perceives as foreign so that they can be neutralized by the immune system; also known as an immunoglobulin
Autoantibody Antibody formed against cell antigens
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus; it causes AIDs by infecting T lymphocytes and compromising the body’s immune system
Created by: KES-HFHS
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