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Unit 1 Vocabulary
Atoms vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atom | the smallest particle of an element |
Atomic Number | number of protons in the nucleus of the atom, determines the identity of the atom |
Avogadro’s Number | the number of particles found in one mole of a substance with an experimentally determined value of approximately 6.0221 x 1023 particles per mole |
Dimensional Analysis | (aka factor-label method) versatile mathematical approach that can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex, multi-step calculations involving several different quantities |
Element | substance that is composed of a single type of atom; a substance that cannot be decomposed by a chemical change; determined by the number of protons in the atom |
Ion | an atom or group of atoms in which the number of electrons is different from the number of protons, causing a positive or negative charge |
Ionization | process of an atom gaining or losing electrons to become an ion |
Isotope | atoms that contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in atoms of the same element having different masses |
Mole | amount of substance containing the same number of atoms, molecules, ions, or other entities as the number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of 12C |
Particle | any basic unit of matter and energy such as atoms, ions, molecules, formula units, etc. |