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7th Grade Final

TermDefinition
Force An interaction, that when unopposed, will change the motion of an object.
Friction A force that works against motion.
Which poles of a magnet are attracted to each other. The opposite poles.
Gravity A force that attracts objects towards each other.
Magnetism The force of attraction and repulsion around a material.
Electricity The flow of electrons.
Unbalanced force A force that produces a change in motion.
Newton The standard unit of force.
Energy The ability to do work.
Potential energy Energy that is stored.
Kinetic energy Energy that is in motion.
Law of Conservation of Energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It is transferred from one form to another.
Conduction Transfer of thermal energy by direct contact.
Convection Transfer of thermal energy by circulation or movement in air or liquids.
Radiation Transfer of thermal energy by electromagnetic waves.
Transverse waves Waves where the medium moves at a right angle to the wave direction.
Longitudinal waves Waves where the medium moves back and forth in the wave direction.
Crest The highest point on a transverse wave.
Trough The lowest point on a transverse wave.
Rarefaction Where the particles are farthest apart in a longitudinal wave.
Compression Where the particles are closest together in a longitudinal wave.
Mechanical wave Waves that require a medium. (such as sound)
Wavelength The distance from one point on a wave and the same point on the next wave. (Crest to crest)
What do waves with a higher frequency have? Higher energy.
Electromagnetic waves Waves that don't require a medium in order to travel. (such as out in space)
Electromagnetic spectrum The range of wavelengths or frequencies over which electromagnetic waves extend.
Radio waves Waves with the longest wavelengths and lowest frequency.
Gamma waves Waves with the shortest wavelengths and highest frequency.
System A group of parts that work together as a whole. (Such as the earth).
Crust Thin layer of solid rock that makes up the outermost layer of the earth.
Geosphere The part of the earth that includes surface rocks, soil, and the earth's interior.
Hydrosphere The part of the earth that includes all bodies of water and groundwater,
Biosphere The part of the earth that includes all living things.
Atmosphere The part of the earth that includes several gases, water vapor, and dust particle.
Engineering design process The application of math, science, and technical principles in order to solve problems.
Describe the Ask step You define the problem, the criteria, and the constraints.
Describe the Imagine step You brainstorm ideas, are creative, and open-minded.
Describe the Plan step You choose a solution and draw a diagram.
Describe the Create/Test step You build a prototype of your solution and test it out.
Describe the Improve step You share results and discuss how to make the prototype better.
Criteria The standards that make the solution successful.
Constraint The limitations in the engineering design process.
Prototype An operating version of a solution. Often made with cheaper materials than the final version.
Created by: cook2sm
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