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Module 13
Section 6: Drug-food interactions
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Three ways in which foods affect how medications work in the body | Slow digestion Alter the pH of the stomach Change the bacterial flora of the intestines |
If a medication label states "Take on an empty stomach," when can the medication be given? | Two hours after the last food was ingested. |
Why are antacids, proton pump inhibitors, and H2 antagonists taken on an empty stomach? | Food is also an antacid, so the medications will not work as well. |
Why should fluoroquinolones not be taken with dairy products? | Dairy products can bind to and inactivate the mediations. |
Why are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) generally taken with food? | To prevent irritation of the stomach wall. |
What is the effect of taking an anticholinergic medication with alcohol? | Increased sedation |
What is the effect of drinking alcohol with disulfiram, a medication used to treat alcohol use disorder? | Severe nausea and vomiting due to an inability to digest the alcohol. |
Medications with similar effects as disulfiram if taken with alcohol | Cephalosporins Chloral hydrate Metronidazole |
Why should patients limit alcohol intake with taking acetaminophen? | Increased risk of liver damage |
What characteristic of grapefruit juice makes it interact with several medications? | Grapefruit juice is a CYP450 inhibitor, so it increases the level of medications metabolized by CYP450. |