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Infectious Disease 3
Generic | Brand | Pharmacologic Category | Common Indications | Essential knowledge |
---|---|---|---|---|
clindamycin (PO, IV) | Cleocin | Lincosamide antibiotic | SSTI, pharyngitis Activity against: MRSA | KSE: diarrhea, C. Diff diarrhea USBW: C. Diff-associated diarrhea (CDAD) has been reported with use of nearly all antibacterial agents, including clindamycin, and may range in severity from mild diarrhea to fatal colitis |
sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (PO, IV) | Bactrim, Bactrim DS | Sulfonamide antibiotic | SSTI Activity against: MRSA | KSE: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes (rarely SJS or TEN) hyperkalemia, increased serum creatinine, hypersensitivity reactions ON: fixed ratio (5:1) of sulfamethoxazole and trimepthroprim; dosing based on trimethroprim component |
nitrofurantoin (PO) | Macrobid | Urinary antibiotic | Cystitis Activity against: Escherichia coli | Key side effects: nausea, pulmonary fibrosis (chronic use) |
gentamicin (IV) | - - - - | Aminoglycoside antibiotic | HAP, pyelonephritis, neonatal sepsis Activity against: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli | Key side effects: nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity |
vancomycin (IV, PO) | Vancocin | Glycopeptide antibiotic | IV: SSTI, HAP, meningitis, endocarditis, CRBSI PO: CDI Activity against: MRSA, Clostridioides difficile | Key side effects: nephrotoxicity, vancomycin infusion reaction |
metronidazole (PO, IV) | Flagyl | Antibiotic | Anaerobic infections, CDI Activity against: Bacteroides species, Clostridioides difficile | Key side effects: nausea, metallic taste, alcohol intolerance, peripheral neuropathy (long-term use) |
mupirocin (topical) | Bactroban | Antibiotic | MRSA decolonization | Key side effects: no major side effects |