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Pulmonary
Generic | Brand | Pharmacologic Category | Common Indications | Essential Knowledge |
---|---|---|---|---|
beclomethasone (INH) | Qvar | Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: oral candidiases, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
budesonide (INH) | Pulmicort | Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: oral candidiases, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
fluticasone propionate (INH) | Flovent, Arnuity | Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: oral candidiases, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
fluticasone and salmeterol (INH) | Advair, Wixela | Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA) | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: oral candidiases, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
budesonide and formoterol (INH) | Symbicort | Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA) | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: oral candidiases, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
mometasone and formoterol (INH) | Dulera | Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA) | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: oral candidiases, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection |
tiotropium (INH) | Spiriva | Long-acting anticholinergic | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: xerostomia |
theophylline (PO) | Theo-24, Theochron | Phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitor | Asthma, COPD | Key Side effects: tachycardia, headache, nausea, insomnia, tremor Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index drug (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended) may cause seizures and cardiac arrhythmias at high concentrations |
albuterol (INH) | Proventil, Ventolin, ProAir | Short-acting beta2 agonist (SABA) | Asthma, COPD | Key side effects: tremor, tachycardia, nervousness, excitement |
levalbuterol (INH) | Xopenex | Short-acting beta2 agonist (SABA) | Asthma | Key side effects: tremor, tachycardia, nervousness, excitement |
ipratropium (INH) | Atrovent HFA | Short-acting anticholinergic | COPD | Key side effects: xerostomia, nausea, dysgeusia |
montelukast (PO) | Singulair | Leukotriene receptor antagonist | Allergic rhinitis, asthma | Key side effects: headache US Boxed Warning: risk of serious neuropsychiatric effects (i.e., serious behavior and mood-related changes, including suicidal thoughts and actions) |
varenicline (PO) | Chantix | Partial nicotine agonist | Smoking cessation | Key side effects: nausea, vomiting, abnormal dreams, headache, insomnia, irritability |
ipratropium and albuterol (INH) | Combivent | See individual drug components | See individual drug components |