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digestive system
questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is the abdomen | it's the region of the trunk that lies between the diaphragm and the pelvis |
| what are the contents of the anterior abdominal wall | 1-skin 2-superficial fascia: 3-deep fascia: 4-muscles 5-fascia transversalis 6-extra peritoneal fat 7-parietal peritoneum |
| what are the two layers of the superficial fascia | superficial fatty layer(camper's layer) deep(scarpa's fascia) |
| what is deep fascia | thin layer of connective tissue covering the muscles |
| what are the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall | external oblique internal oblique transversus rectus abdominis pyramidalis |
| what is fascia transversalis | it's a thin aponeurotic membrane of the abdomen.divided into two parts anterior and posterior lamina |
| what are the anterolateral muscles | external oblique (pocket muscle has an aponeurosis) internal oblique transversus abdominis(corset muscle) |
| what are midline muscles | pyramidalis rectus abdominus |
| what is linea alba | median fibrous band separating the two rectus sheaths from each other it is the insertion of the three aponeuroses it attached from xiphoid process to the symphysis pubis |
| pocket muscle | arises from the outer surface of the lower 8 ribs and inserts to the xiphoid process , linea alba ,pubic crest ,pubic tubercle ,and anterior half of iliac crest |
| internal oblique | arises from :the lumbar fascia,2/3 of the iliac crest,and lateral 1/3 of the inguinal ligament inserts :lower borders of the lower 3 ribs and their CC xiphoid process the linea alba symphysis pubis |
| rectus abdominis | arises from the pubic symphysis insertion: 5,6,7 costal cartilges + xiphoid process |
| pyramidalis | arises from the anterior surface of the pubis and inserts to the linea alba |
| content of the posterior abdominal wall | lumbar vertebrae 12 rib bony pelvis psoas muscles quadratus lumborum iliacus muscles aponeuroses |
| psoas muscles | arises from the lumbar vertebrae ,and inserts to the lesser trochanter of the femur |
| iliacus muscle | arises from the iliac fossa and inserts to the lesser trochanter of the femur |
| what are the three single vessels of the AA | celiac superior mesentery(L1 level) inferior mesenteric artery(L3 level) |
| what are the paired vessels | renal arteries(L2 level) gonadal(L3 level) lumbar arteries inferior phrenic suprarenal arteries(L1 level) |
| peritoneum | is composed of two layers(pariteal and visceral peritoneum) separated by the peritoneal cavity |
| what is the classification of organs with relationship to the peritoneum | intraperitoneum organs ,and retroperitoneum organs |
| what are the name of the folds according to the organs | liver(ligaments) stomach(greater and lesser omenta) mesentary for intestines mesocolon for the colon |
| what is the transverse colon suspended by | transverse mesocolon |
| what is the fourth partition | the small intestines suspended by the mesentary |
| what suspends the appendix | mesoappendix |
| what suspends the pelvic colon | sigmoid mesocolon |
| what is the classification of the retroperitoneul organs | posterior: large vessel kidneys ureters suprerenal anterior: duodenum pancreas ascendind and descending colon |
| talk about the extensions of the scarpas's layer | laterally: continuous with the superficial fascia of the back. Superiorly : continuous with thesuperficial fascia of the thorax. Inferiorly: it passes onto the front of the thigh, where it fuses with the deep fascia of the thigh. |
| what is the parietal peritoneum | it's a serrous membrane lining the walls of the abdomen |
| corset muscle | Arises from: the deep surface of the lower six costal cartilages, the lumbar fascia, the anterior 2/3 of the iliac crest, and the lateral 1/3 of the inguinal ligament. Inserted into :the xiphoid process, the linea alba, and symphysis pubis. |
| what is the function of the oblique muscles | lateral flexion and rotation of the trunk |
| what is the function of the rectus muscle | flexion of the trunk stabilization of the pelvis |
| how many segments does the duodenum has | 3 segments |
| quadratus lumborum | arises from the iliolumbar ligament and Insertes into the lower border of the 12th rib and the transverse processes of the upper four lumbar vertebrae. |
| what are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta | there are three terminal branches 2 common iliac arteries 1 median sacral |
| what are the paired veins of the IVC | common iliac veins renal veins hepatic veins(can be 3) |
| what are the single branches of the IVC | R gonadal veins R suprarenal veins |
| what are the folds of the liver | the liver has three folds(or ligaments in this case) right and left triangular ligament falciform ligament |
| how many layers does the greater omentum have | G.O has two anterior layers and two posterior layers |
| how many partitions does the abdomen have | there are 5 partitions(liver,stomach,two for the colon,and one for the intestines) |
Created by:
chaimaa
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