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OCEA1 - Final W23

Oceans Ch. 10-15

TermDefinition
Longshore current Created by the waves hitting in a zig-zag against the coast. Slow moving current that moves alongside the coast.
Longshore drift The movement of sediment from the coast and into the ocean caused by longshore current.
Archaea Single-celled prokaryotes (no nuclei)
Bacteria Single-celled organisms
Eukarya Multicellular and single-celled organisms with nuclei. All animals and plants.
Pelagic zone Deep water column
Benthic zone The ocean floor
Neritic zone The water column in the shallow part of the coast and the slope of the continental plate.
Oceanic zone Entire rest of the water column that isn't the neritic zone.
Top-down control A higher part of the food chain is negatively or positively affected, so all of the groups below it are affected in alternating states (-, +, -)
Bottom-up control A lower part of the food chain is negatively or positively affected, so all of the groups above it are affected correspondingly.
Trophic level Hierarchal level of an ecosystem
Trophic efficiency The efficiency at which energy is transferred from one organism to another.
Compensation point The point at which the level of photosynthesis is matching the level of respiration.
Critical depth The point at which phytoplankton production is matching the phytoplankton biomass.
Families of nekton Cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, Sirenia, birds, mammals, cephalopods, cetaceans, crustaceans
Diadromous fish Fish that migrate between freshwater and seawater
Fishing down the foodweb When predators no longer have their usual prey, they turn to their prey's prey and so on.
Filter feeders Organisms that feed by straining nutrients out of collected water
Suspension feeders Organisms that feed by picking out nutrients suspended in water
Deposit feeders Organisms that feed by moving along the surface or burrow and ingest part of the sediment
Infauna Benthic animals that live in the sediment
Epifauna Benthic animals that live on the surface of the ocean floor/sediment
Mercury Present in many fish, such as tuna. The levels have risen considerably over the years which has led to cases of mercury poisoning among humans and animals.
Eutrophication The overabundance of nutrients in the water that leads to hypoxia or apoxia
Created by: fdonalds
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