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MMTC Med Term Ch13
Miller Motte Technical College Chapter 13, Urinary System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| albumin/o | protein |
| bacteri/o | bacteria |
| cyst/o, vesic/o | bladder or sac |
| dips/o | thirst |
| glomerul/o | glomerulus (small ball) |
| gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o | glucose (sugar) |
| ket/o, keton/o | ketone bodies |
| lith/o | stone |
| meat/o | meatus (opening) |
| nephr/o, ren/o | kidney |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis (basin) |
| py/o | pus |
| ureter/o | ureter |
| urethr/o | urethra |
| ur/o, urin/o | urine |
| kidneys | two structures located on each side of the lumbar region that filter blood and secrete impurities, forming urine |
| nephron | microscopic functional units of the kidney, comprised of kidney cells and capillaries, each of which is capable of forming urine |
| urinary bladder | sac that holds the urine |
| urethra | single canal that carries urine to the outside of the body |
| urethral meatus | opening in the urethra to the outside of the body |
| urine | fluid produced by the kidneys, containing water and waste products |
| urea | waste product formed in the liver, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys, and excreted in urine |
| creatinine | waste product of muscle metabolism, filtered out of the blood by the kidneys, and excreted in urine |
| anuria | absence of urine formation |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| enuresis | involuntary discharge of urine, usually referring to a lack of bladder control |
| nocturnal enuresis | bed |
| glucosuria,glycosuria | glucose (sugar) in the urine |
| hematuria | presence of blood in the urine |
| incontinence | involuntary discharge of urine or feces |
| stress urinary incontinence (SUI) | involuntary discharge of urine with coughing, sneezing, and/or strained exercise |
| nocturia | urination at night |
| oliguria | scanty production of urine |
| polyuria | condition of excessive urination |
| pyuria | presence of white cells in the urine, usually indicating infection |
| urinary retention | retention of urine resulting from an inability to void (urinate) naturally because of spasm or obstruction |
| nephritis | inflammation of the kidney |
| nephrolithiasis | presence of a renal stone or stones |
| cystitis | inflammation of the bladder |
| urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| urinary tract infection (UTI) | invasion of pathogenic organisms (commonly bacteria) in the urinary tract, especially the urethra and bladder; symptoms include dysuria, urinary frequency, and malaise |
| cystoscopy | examination of the bladder using a rigid or flexible cystoscope |
| intravenous pyelogram (IVP) | x-ray image of the urinary tract obtained after an iodine contrast medium has been injected into the bloodstream; the contrast passes through the kidney and may reveal an obstruction, evidence of trauma, etc. |
| kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB) | abdominal x-ray image of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder; typically used as a scout film before obtaining an intravenous pyelogram (IVP) |
| urinalysis (UA) | physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine |
| specific gravity (SpGr) | measure of the concentration or dilution of urine |
| pH | measure of the acidity or alkalinity of urine |
| glucose | chemical test used to detect sugar in the urine; most often used to screen for diabetes |
| albumin (alb) | chemical test used to detect the presence of albumin in the urine |
| protein,ketones | chemical test used to detect the presence of ketone bodies in the urine; positive test indicates that fats are being used by the body instead of carbohydrates, which occurs during starvation or an uncontrolled diabetic state |
| urine culture and sensitivity (C&S) | isolation of a urine specimen in a culture medium to propagate the growth of microorganisms; organisms that grow in the culture are identified, as are drugs to which they are sensitive |
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | blood test to determine the level of urea in the blood; a high BUN indicates the inability of one or both kidneys to excrete urea |
| creatinine, serum | est to determine the level of creatinine in the blood; useful in assessing kidney function |
| nephrotomy | incision into the kidney |
| nephrolithotomy | incision into the kidney for the removal of stones |
| nephrectomy | excision of a kidney |
| stent placement | use of a device (stent) to hold open vessels or tubes (e.g., an obstructed ureter) |
| kidney dialysis | methods of filtering impurities from the blood, replacing the function of one or both kidneys lost in renal failure |
| hemodialysis | method of removing impurities by pumping the patient's blood through a dialyzer, the specialized filter of the artificial kidney machine (hemodialyzer) |
| peritoneal dialysis | method of removing impurities using the peritoneum as the filter; a catheter inserted in the peritoneal cavity delivers cleansing fluid (dialysate) that is washed in and out in cycles |
| urinary catheterization | methods of placing a tube into the bladder to drain or collect urine |
| straight catheter | a type of catheter that is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to relieve urinary retention or to collect a sterile specimen of urine for testing; the catheter is removed immediately after the procedure |
| Foley catheter | indwelling catheter inserted through the urethra and into the bladder that includes a collection system allowing urine to be drained into a bag; the catheter can remain in place for an extended period |
| suprapubic catheter | indwelling catheter inserted directly in the bladder through an abdominal incision above the pubic bone that includes a collection system that allows urine to be drained into a bag; used in patients requiring long |
| diuretic | drug that increases the secretion of urine |
Created by:
evinsmc
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