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Micro Lab exam 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA) | grown yeast and molds in lab; slightly acidic so bacteria cannot grow - mold tend to spread over the entire surface so seeing individual colonies is almost impossible |
| lactophenol cotton blue stain (LPCB stain) | helps to kill and preserve fungi; stain chitin in cell wall so can be seen by stereommicroscope |
| colonial algae | groups of algae that coordinate their activities |
| filamentous algae | grow as long masses, may appear over entire surface of body of water |
| multicellular algae | complex structure similar to plants, like kelp |
| trematodes | type of helminth; flat leaf shaped organism that have both female and male reproductive organs |
| cestodes | type of helminth; associated with beef, lamb, pork, and fish; transmitted by eating undercooked meat or fleas from animals with tapeworms (tapeworms) |
| round worms | cylindrical bodies tapered at both ends; highly contagious eggs with can be on linens, clothing, carpet, etc. |
| TSA Plate | complex/nonselective medium used for the isolation of most microbes (grows everything) - used mostly to grow bacteria because fungi prefer a more acidic environment |
| CNA Plate (bright red) | selective and differential used for gram positive microorganisms; differentiates based on hemolysis patterns (lyse RBC) - g-hemolysis: no change - alpha: discolored RBS (kinda reaction) - Beta: few or no intact RBC (can noticed they're gone |
| McCockney Plate | selective and differential for gram-negative organisms ; differential based on lactose fermentation by neutral red indicator - bright pink bacteria indicated lactose fermentation bc drop in pH during fermentation causes them to absorb indicator |
| Mannitol Salt Agar Plate | selective and differential for halophiles; differential based on mannitol fermentation and indicator phenol red; drop in pH during fermentation of causes colonies to turn yellow |
| colony forming unit math | #colonies/(dilution factor)(volume plated) |
| psychrophiles | grow between 0-15 celcius |
| psychrotrophs | grow between 15-30 celcius |
| mesophiles | grow between 30-40 celcius; human body temperature |
| thermophiles | grow between 50-85 celcuis; most are archaea |
| reducing medium | contain chemicals that combine with oxygen to eliminate it from the atmosphere (sodium thioglycollate); indicator resazurin show if medium has been oxidized (turns pink where oxidation has occured and colorless where anaerobic conditions occur) |
| nonreducing medium | where obligately anaerobic organisms are grown; placed in anaerobic jars and kept in anaerobic conditions |
| ionizing radiation | short wavelengths; ejects electrons from atoms or molecules; damage cellular DNA and cause peroxides to form - xrays and gamma rays |
| nonionizing radiation | UV; longer wavelengths; causes covalents bonds to forms between adjacent thymine bases terminating replication |
| species richness | total number of species found in a given community |
| species evenness | relative abundance of each species in a community |
| high species diversity | when species richness and evenness are both high |
| rhizosphere | develops around plants roots; contain dense populations of microbes growing on the surface of soil particles |
| actinomycetes | group of gram positive bacteria that involved in the decomposition of complex organic substances; responsible for giving soil earthy smell |
| biochemical recycling | conversion of inorganic components from one form to another |
| glycerol yeast extract agar (GYE) and cycloheximine | isolation and enumeration of bacteria (mainly actinomycetes) in samples that contain large numbers of fungi |
| coliforms | an indicator organism that's used to indicate if water is safe to drink or not; high levels mean no drinking; E.coli part of this |
| m-Endo medium | selective and differential; used for coliform detection; lactose used to differentiate between coliforms and noncoliforms - lactose fermenting bacteria exhibit red color with metallic sheen |
| KF streptococcus agar | detect fecal streptococci |
| FC/FS ratio | used by public health officials to determine if water contamination is of animal (higher FS than FC) or human origin (higher FC than FS) |
| standards method agar | allows for cultivation and enumeration of microbes from milk and dairy products |
| violet red bile glucose agar | inhibit growth of gram positive, lactose differentiates coliforms from noncoliforms; neutral red indictor creates red colonies surrounded by zone of precipitated bile salt |
| phenol coefficent (PC) | measure the effectiveness of a phenol based antimicrobial agent - greater than 1= test compound more effective than phenol - less than 1= test compound is less effective than phenol |
| Kirby-Baur Test | used to determine the susceptibility of an organism to an antibiotic; discs placed on large plate with different antibiotics observed which has large effect (bacterial death) based on zone of inhibitions present |
Created by:
hcollie2
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