click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BJU Space/Earth 17
BJU - Space and Earth Science - Chapter 17 (4th edition)
Definition | Term |
---|---|
A naturally occurring underground space | cave |
A cone-shaped dip in a water table, deepest at a well pipe; results when water is pumped out at a higher rate than percolation can replenish | cone of depression |
Any water from natural sources found underground. | groundwater |
A distinct topography produced by the erosion and collapse of solution caves in thick strata of chemical sedimentary rocks | karst topography |
A property of rock and soil relating to the ability for water to move through pores and cracks in ground materials | permeability |
An area on the land’s surface that resupplies groundwater, such as a forest or lake | recharge zone |
A substance, usually a liquid, that dissolves other substances | solvent |
Any cave formation made of precipitated minerals deposited by dripping or flowing groundwater; also called a secondary limestone deposit | speleothem |
An icicle-like speleothem that hangs down from a cave’s ceiling | stalactite |
A conical speleothem that grows from a cave’s floor; usually deposited from water dripping from an overhead stalactite | stalagmite |
The water surface of a groundwater reservoir | water table |
Porous rock and soil above the water table. Spaces between rock and soil particles contain air or a mixture of air and water | zone of aeration |
Porous rock and soil below the water table. Spaces between rock and soil particles are filled with groundwater | zone of saturation |
A stratum of permeable rock sandwiched between impermeable strata that stores and transports groundwater | aquifer |
A mineral’s ability to scratch and to resist scratching that relates to the strength of the crystal structure | hardness |
Any artificial method for supplying water to crops; especially important for making dry but fertile land agriculturally productive | irrigation |
The addition of anything to a resource that reduces its usefulness | pollution |
Appears to have formed when native rock was dissolved by acidic groundwater. Origin theories depend on one’s presuppositions about the earth’s history. | solution cave |
A professional scientist who studies caves | speleologist |