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NU300 Exam 6
GI Study Guide
Question | Answer |
---|---|
What gastrointestinal changes are associated with aging? | Everything slows down. Decrease of nutrient absorption. Increased risk of constipation/impaction. |
What are the 4 components of an abdominal assessment? | Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation |
Besides an abdominal assessment, what else should be examined in a GI physical assessment? | Mouth, Teeth, Ability to swallow BM pattern and Anal area |
What is visualized during an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)? | Esophagus, Stomach, Duodenum |
What level of sedation is a patient placed under for an EGD? | Moderate sedation |
How long should a patient be NPO before an EGD? | 6-8 hours |
What medications should a patient avoid prior to an EGD? | Aspirin, NSAIDS, Anticoagulants |
What should the nurse know in regard to giving food/fluid to a patient post EGD? | Do NOT offer food or fluids until the patients gag reflex has returned |
What is the priority intervention after an EGD? | Preventing aspiration |
What is visualized during a colonoscopy? | Entire large bowel |
What kind of diet should a patient getting a colonoscopy be placed on the day prior to the exam? | Clear, liquid diet. Avoid colored beverages and gelatin. |
How long should a patient be NPO before a colonoscopy? | 4-6 hours |
What medications should a patient avoid prior to a colonoscopy? | Aspirin, Anticoagulants, Antiplatelets |
Explain colon prep for a colonosocopy. | Patients drink a gallon of colon prep (Golytely) the night before or even the morning of the procedure. |
What level of sedation is a patient placed under for a colonoscopy? What medications are used? | Moderate sedation-- Versed, Diprivan, Fentanyl |
Care for patients with oral cavity problems include... | weekly self-exam of mouth, well balanced diet, brush/floss daily, manage stress, avoid contact w/ inflammatory agents, avoid reducing flow of saliva, changes to occlusion of teeth, regular dental visits, proper denture fit/care |
Define stomatitis. | Inflammation of the oral cavity/mouth |
What history should the nurse obtain from a patient with stomatitis? | Recent infections, nutrition changes, oral hygiene habits, oral trauma, stress |
Symptoms of stomatitis. | Dry, painful mouth / open ulcerations |
Difficulty eating or swallowing associated with stomatitis can alter a patients ________ status. | Nutrition |
Severe stomatitis and edema can potentially obstruct the ______. | Airway |
In stomatitis, lesions seen along the pharynx and dysphagia can indicate... | The lesions might extend down the esophagus |
What kind of toothbrush should a patient with stomatitis use? | Soft toothbrush |
Patients with stomatitis should avoid mouthwashes containing ____. | Alcohol |
What should patients with stomatitis use as mouth rinse, and how often? | Baking soda and warm water or saline every 2 hours |
What temperature should food be for a patient with stomatitis? | Cool/cold |
What should the diet of a patient with stomatitis look like? | Soft, bland, non-acidic & increased intake of vitamin C and protein |
If a patient with dentures is experiencing severe stomatitis or oral pain, what can they do? | Remove dentures |
When would acyclovir be used in stomatitis? | If it was caused by oral hereps |
Why is nystatin used in stomatitis? | To treat yeast/fungus |
What should the nurse include when educating a patient on how to use nystatin? | Swish and swallow |
What is commonly used to control the pain of stomatitis? | Lidocaine/ "magic mouthwash" |
When would lidocaine be contraindicated to control pain in a patient with stomatitis? | Dysphagia |