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unit 8:Gases
Term | Definition |
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Pressure | the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface |
Newton | The IS unit for force; the force that will increase the speed of a 1kg mass by 1m/s each second that the force is applied |
Barometer | an instrument that measures atmospheric pressure |
Millimeters of Mercury | a unit of pressure |
Atmosphere of Pressure | the pressure of Earth's atmosphere at sea level; exactly equivalent to 760 mm Hg |
Pascal | The IS unit of pressure; equal to the force of 1N exerted over an area of 1 m2 |
Partial Pressure | the pressure of each gas in a mixture |
Dalton's law of partial pressure | the law that states that the total pressure of mixture of gases is equal to the pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases |
Boyles Law | the law that states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume of the gas increases as the pressure of the gas decreases as the pressure of the gas increases |
Absolute Zero | the temperature at which all molecular motion stops (0 K on the Kelvin scale or-273.16 C on the Celsius scale) |
Charle's law | the law that states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant pressure, the volume of the gas increases as the temperature of the gas increases and the volume of the gas decreases as the temperature of the gas decreases |
Gay-Lussac's law | the law that states that the volume occupied by a gas at a constant pressure is directly proportional to the absolute temperature |
Combined gas law | the relationship between the pressure,volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas |
Avogadro's law | the law that states that equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of molecules |
Standard molar volume of a gas | the volume occupied by one mole of a gas at STP is known as the standard molar volume of a gas |
ideal gas law | the law that states the mathematical relationship of pressure (P),volume (V), temperature (T) |
ideal gas constant | the proportionality constant that appears in the equation of state for 1 mol of an ideal gas. |
Graham's law of effusion | the law that states that the rate of effusion of a gas in inversely proportional to the square root of the gas's density |