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MEM 201 EXAM 1

TermDefinition
What is CAD? Computer aided design has fundamentally changed creation of technical drawings
Some Benefits of CAD increased productivity, improved precision, better collaboration, 3D visualization and analysis
What are three types of sketches? isometric, oblique, perspective
Isometric Sketches Based on axis That consists of three lines 120 degrees or one vertical line and two 30 degrees lines
Features of Isometric Sketches all objects will be distorted, a square appears as a rhombus, a circle appears as an ellipse, does not have hidden lines, receding lines are parallel, orient isometric sketches such that maximum features of the object are visible
Oblique Sketches Based on axis that consists one perpendicular set of axis lines and one receding line at 30 degrees
Features of oblique sketches only objects in the front planes are not distorted, does not have hidden lines, receding lines are parallel,
Perspective Sketches The receding lines converge to vanishing point located on a theoretical horizon
One-point Perspective Sketches one-point perspective sketches have only one vanishing point and are similar to oblique sketches
Two-Point Perspective Sketches have two vanishing points.
Orthographic Views two-dimensional views of three dimensional objects. projecting a view of an object onto a plane which is usually positioned so that it is parallel to one of the planes of the object. You can view an object from six mutually perpendicular directions
Rules for Drawing Orthographic Views -Only three views are necessary: top, front, right -The views must be in the right quadrants -the views must be aligned -must have all hidden lines/featrures
Object Lines visible lines solid lines that represent visible surfaces or edges of the object
Hidden Lines dashed lines that represent invisible edges of the object
Centerlines Long-short dashes that represent centers of circles and arcs.
Line Precedence -Object lines take precedence over hidden lines and centerlines -hidden lines take precedence over centerlines -In sectioning, cutting plane lines take precedence over center lines
Why do we need sectional views? -Hidden lines in standard orthographic projections can be hard to interpret and visualize -section views expose the internal features such as cuts and holes -sectional views depict assembly of parts -they can also describe materials in an assembly
Cutting plane shown as edge view: cutting plane line
Cutting Plane Arrow representing the direction of line of sight
Section Lines (hatch) shows areas that would have been in contact with the cutting plane
What are the types of sectional views -full section -half section -offset section -aligned section -broken-out section
Full Sectional Views cutting plane cuts fully through the object -show the visible lines behind the cutting planes -omit the hidden lines
Half Section Views -exposes the interior of half of the object and exterior of the other half -removes one quarter of the object -used for symmetric parts -omit hidden lines whenever possible -use centerline to divide the sectioned and unsectioned halves
Offset Sectional Views -offset or bend the cutting plane to reveal features that do not lie in a straight line -offset or bends in the cutting plane are at 90 degrees -do not show bends in the cutting plane in the section view
Aligned Sectional View -used to show features of parts with angled elements -the plane and features are imagined to be revolved into the original plane
Broken-Out Sectional View -used when a partial section of a view is needed to expose interior shapes
What is a system? an integrated composite of people, products, and processes that provide a capability to satisfy a stated need or objectives
What is a complex System? -a system with a large number of different parts connected in different ways where the state of the parts and connections change over time and the people using the system have different cognitive abilities that are applied in performing their jobs
The engineering design Process ideas -it is an organized and orderly approach to solving problems -it addresses society's needs by applying scientific principles, experience, and creativity
The Engineering Design Process problem identification --> ideation --> design process/design selection --> refinement --> analysis --> design process/design selection --> implementation --> documentation
How do you search for problems? -redesign a product to make it more profitable or effective -establish a new product line -protect health and safety or to improve the quality of life -commercialize an invention -new technology-enabled opportunities
Things a good problem statement must describe -an undesirable initial state -consequences of the undesirable state -a desired goal state -efforts to go from the undesired state to the desired state
Stakeholders -anyone or any organization having a vested interest in a system, its outcomes and success of the system, its mission, products, services, or activities. They are the source of system requirements and constraints
Why do we need to identify stakeholder needs? -to build the right system -ensure that the product is focused on customer needs -identify latent or hidden needs as well as explicit needs -provide a fact base for justifying the product specifications -ensure the no customer missed
What are specifications? metic + value + reason
Good specifications must be.. -complete (must completely address customer needs) -dependent (performance measures or output variables) -verifiable(must be able to test)
How to come up with different concepts... -refer to the customer needs and target specifications -suspend judgements -generate a lot of ideas -welcome ideas that may seem infeasible -make analogies -wish and wonder -make plenty of sketches -build sketch models
Some Ways of choosing a concept -external decision (customers, clients, or an external entity chooses a concept) -product champion (influential member chooses a concept based on personal preference) -intuition (a concept just seems better) -multivoting
Some Ways of choosing a concept (part 2) -online survey/crowdsourcing (each concept is rated by many users) -pros and cons (choice based on group opinion) -prototype and test (selection based on test data) -decision matrices (team rates each concept against selection criteria)
Dimensioning -it is the process of adding size information to a drawing -dimensions fully define what you want manufactured -different standards for different types of drawings
Created by: lil_cat_50
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