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Chp 2: Oral Language

EDUC 322 Chapter 2 Notes

Language an agreed-on communication system used to speak, listen, read, write, gesture, etc
Expressive Language speaking and writing
Receptive Language listening and reading
Phonology sounds used to express language
Prosody expressive spoken language (intonation, stress, juncture)
Intonation how one's vocal pitch rises or falls in speaking
Stress speech intensity (the loudness or softness of spoken words)
Juncture slight pauses between parts of spoken words (ex. "I scream" vs "ice cream")
Rime the vowel sound and every other sound that follows that follows the vowel sound in a syllable
Onset all sounds in a single syllable that come before the vowel sound ("f" in "fit")
Phoneme the smallest unit of sound in a spoken language that, when changed, changes meaning (ex. "wake" vs "wade")
Orthography spelling patterns used in English, linking letters (graphemes) to sounds (phonemes) in spoken language also includes directionality, orientation, configuration, word length, style, non-alphebetic symbols, and letter patterns
Grapheme a printed or visual symbol that represents a phoneme, usually a letter such as "a, r, m, s, or o"
Alphabetic Principle knowing that speech sounds and letters link to one another
Phonics the relationships between letters and sounds
Morphology breaking words apart in order to study the structures that create meaning
Morphemes meaning units (ex. free morpheme- stands alone as having meaning: ball, peninsula, chain) (ex. bound morpheme- must be connected to another morpheme to have meaning: -ocracy, -ante, -bio)
Syntax how words are combined into larger language structures, such as phrases and sentences
Grammar a rule system for describing the structure or organization of language
Semantics connecting one's world knowledge, background, experiences, interests, attitudes, and perspectives into written or spoken language to construct meaning
Schema Theory the idea that new knowledge is connected to what the learner already knows
Pragmatics knowing how language works and is used in one's culture
Created by: gdrum320
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