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BJU Space/Earth 13
BJU - Space and Earth Science - Chapter 13 (4th edition)
| Definition | Term |
|---|---|
| The flat, deep sea floor of an ocean basin. | abyssal plain |
| A ring of low coral islands and reefs surrounding a central lagoon that is in most cases built on a submerged volcano. | atoll |
| The sea bottom at the foot of the continental slope, consisting of sediments washed down the slope from the continental shelf above. The slope angle of the continental rise is less steep than that of the continental slope. | continental rise |
| The submerged edge of a continent extending from the coastline to some distance offshore. It is characterized by having gentle slopes and similar geologic formations and topography to the adjacent land. | continental shelf |
| The relatively steep drop-off from the continental shelf into the deep ocean basin. | continental slope |
| A massive marine geologic feature made up of calcium carbonate secreted by colonies of coral polyps in relatively shallow tropical waters and near continents and islands. | coral reef |
| A long, curved chain of volcanic islands that lines the oceanic margin of a tectonic plate. | island arc |
| The average local sea level between high and low tide determined over the course of years. | mean sea level (MSL) |
| Describes the relative amount of salt dissolved in water. Salt lakes or the Dead Sea are highly and contain a relatively large amount of dissolved salts. Fresh water from snowfield runoff is very low. Seawater varies midway between these extremes. | salinity |
| A large body of salt water partially or nearly completely enclosed by land. | sea |
| The level of the sea at a particular time. It changes with the rising and falling tides. The term is often used interchangeably with mean sea level. | sea level |
| Any submerged mountain-like structure on the sea bottom; most are extinct volcanoes. | seamount |
| A canyon that occurs on the ocean floor, often on the continental slope. | submarine canyon |
| A vast body of salt water that separates the continents | ocean |
| The strip of land that separates the coastal region from the ocean bounded by the lowest and highest reaches of sea level | shore |
| The strip along the coast that is influenced and shaped by sea level and wave action; includes the berm, the shore, and any lonshore bars produced by breaking waves | beach |
| A submerged mountain system uplifted by rising mantle rock at a divergent boundary between ocean tectonic plates | mid-ocean ridge |
| Relatively narrow and deep troughs in the ocean floor found in subduction zones adjacent to convergent plate boundaries | oceanic trench |
| An animal or plant that lives on the ocean bottom or is anchored to it | benthic organism |
| Animals and plants that drift with ocean currents or are active swimmers | pelagic organism |
| The flow of the element carbon and its compounds among the carbon reservoirs in the atmosphere, ocean, land, rocks, and sediments in the upper lithosphere, and the earth’s deep interior. | carbon cycle |
| The flow of the element nitrogen and its compounds among the nitrogen reservoirs in the atmosphere, ocean, and soil. | nitrogen cycle |
Created by:
marchscience
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