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2514 CAD Drugs
Coronary Artery Disease
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How do beta blockers work to decrease BP? | BB decrease heart rate and contractility and decrease release of renin. This lowers BP in the large veins by slowing heart rate and widening blood vessels |
| A heart failure patient is taking Captopril. What electrolyte imbalance needs to be monitored for this patient? | Hyperkalemia since it can lead to K retention |
| Which plasma lipoprotein is most concerning with the risk of coronary atherosclerosis? | Elevated low-density lipoprotein |
| A patients starts taking a HMG-COA recuctase inhibitor (statin). How long will it take until they see an effect on their LDL cholesterol? | A reduction is seen within 2 weeks |
| A patient taking a statin begins to complain of muscle aches, fatigue and weakness. What should the nurse monitor? | The patient's creatinine kinase levels. This is an enzyme that is released from injured muscle. (Myopathy/Rhabdomyolysis) |
| A bile -acid sequestrant like Colesevelam is usually used as the single therapy for reduction of cholesterol. True of False? | Colvesevelam (Welchol) is more often used as an adjunct therapy to a statin for reduction of cholesterol levels |
| How does nitroglycerin work to relieve angina pain? | It promotes vasodilation, which reduces preload and oxygen demand. |
| A patient receives 0.3 - mg nitroglycerin tablet for chest pain. The patient's vital signs remain stable but the patient continues to complain of pain. What should the nurse do next? | Give a 2nd dose of nitroglycerin in 5 minutes |
| A 60 year old person comes into the emergency unit with an allergic response resulting in anaphylaxis to a bee sting. What medication would you want to know about urgently when taking a history from their family who brought them in? | Are they taking a beta-blocker? |
| How do Calcium Channel Blockers such as Verapamil reduce the heart rate and reduce the force of contraction of the heart? | CCB inhibit the ca ion from its movement across cell membranes in the heart and this reduce the conduction on the SA/AV nodes resulting in reduced heart rate and reduced force of contraction.. |
| How do Calcium Channel Blockers such as Verapamil reduce the hypertension? | On Arteries CCB's blocks the Ca channels on the vascular smooth muscles causing vasodilation of coronary and peripheral arteries. |
| A patient who has a history of cholesterol and hypertension reports that she is taking a normal dose aspirin daily to prevent her from a heart attack. What can you tell her? | Its better for her to take a low dose 81mg to prevent stomach ulcers and bleeds. |
| A patient having IV heparin therapy develops a heart rate of 98 beats per minute and a BP of 110/72. A stat CBC shows an very low platelet count. What would be the next action for the nurse to take? | This would be HIT (Heparin-induced Thrombocytopenia). Discontinue the heparin and notify physician. |
| The patient has returned from having a coronary stent inserted. They have been started on Clopidogrel by the surgeon. What teaching would be important for the patient before they are discharged? | How to monitor for signs and symptoms of G.I bleeding or other bleeding. Melena, bruises, petechiae, This medication prevents clots to form. |
Created by:
Shamilla
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