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Medical Terminology

Chapter 2.1 - Body Structure

TermDefinition
Anabolism The building up phase of metabolism
Catabolism The phase in metabolism in which substances are broken down for energy and simple compounds
Cortex Outer Region Of An Organ
Interstitial In between parts; Such as the space between cells in a tissue
Medulla Inner Region Of An Organ
Metabolism The sum of all physical and chemical reactions within an organism
Perital Pertaining to a wall; Describes a membrane that lines a body cavity
Soma The Body
Visceral Pertaining to the internal organs; Describes a membrane on the surface of an organ
Simple To Most Complex Levels Of An Organism 1. Chemicals 2. Cells 3. Tissues 4. Organs 5. Organ System 6. Body As A Whole
Plasma Membrane Outer Layer Of The Cell Composed Of Lipids and Proteins
Flagellum Long. Whip-Like Extension From The Cell That Causes The Cell To Move
Cilia Short, Hair-Like Extensions From The Cell That Cause Movement Around The Cell
Nucleolus Small Body Found In The Nucleus. Composed Of RNA, DNA, And Proteins
Nucleus Large. Dark-Staining Body Near The Center Of The Cell That Is Composed Of DNA And Proteins
Cytosol The Fluid Portion Of The Cytoplasm
Peroxisomes Breaks Down Harmful Substances
Mitochondria Convert Energy From Nutrients Into ATP
Ribosomes Manufacture Proteins
Vesicles Stores Materials And Moves Materials Into Or Out Of The Cells
Lysosomes Digests Substances Within The Cell
Microvilli Absorbs Materials Into The Cell
Centrioles Help Separate The Chromosomes During Cell Division
The term meaning pertaining to a network is Reticular
The term meaning pertaining to the body is Somatic
The term meaning pertaining to many forms is Polymorphic
The term meaning a specialist in the field of studying tissue is Histologist
The term meaning pertaining to many nuclei is Polynuclear
The term meaning the study of form is Morphology
The term meaning an enzyme that digests fats is Lipase
The term meaning tumor of the gland is Adenoma
The term meaning a condition of increased growth is Hypertrophy
The term meaning pertaining to the absence of a nucleus is Anuclear
The term meaning fibrous tumor is Fibroma
The term meaning an enzyme that digests starch is Amylase
The term meaning the condition of the formation of glucose is Glucogenesis
The term meaning the condition of a lack of growth is Atrophy
The term meaning resembling the nipple is Papilliform
The term meaning a white blood cell is Leukocyte
The term meaning pertaining to an ingesting cell is Phygocytic
The term meaning a tumor of mucus with fat is Myxolipoma
Root For Body Chemistry: hydr/o Water
Root For Body Chemistry: gluc/o Glucose
Root For Body Chemistry: glyc/o Glucose, Sugar
Root For Body Chemistry: sacchar/o Sugar
Root For Body Chemistry: amyl/o Starch
Root For Body Chemistry: lip/o Lipid, Fat
Root For Body Chemistry: adip/o Fat
Root For Body Chemistry: steat/o Fatty
Root For Body Chemistry: prote/o Protein
Suffix For Body Chemistry: -ase Enzyme
Suffix For Body Chemistry: -ose Sugar
Cell Activity Root: blast/o Immature, Productive, Embryonic Cell
Cell Activity Root: gen Origin Formation
Cell Activity Root: phil Attract, Absorb
Cell Activity Root: plas Formation, Molding, Development
Cell Activity Root: trop Act On, Affect
Cell Activity Root: troph Feeding, Growth, Nourishment
Cell Activity Root: phag/o Eat, Ingest
Created by: KristalLeann
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