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Chemistry Vocab 6
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Valence Electron | An electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom. |
Electron Dot Structure | A notation that depicts valence electrons as dots around the atomic symbol of the element; the symbol represents the inner electrons and atomic nucleus; also called Lewis dot structure. |
Octet Rule | Atoms react by gaining or losing electrons so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas, usually eight valence electrons. |
Halide Ion | A negative ion formed when a halogen atom gains an electron. |
Ion Compound | A compound composed of positive and negative ions. |
Ionic Bond | The electrostatic attraction that binds oppositely charged ions together. |
Chemical Formula | An expression that indicates the number and type of atoms present in the smallest representative unit of a substance. |
Formula Unit | The lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound; in magnesium chloride, the ratio of magnesium ions to chloride ions is 1:2 and the formula unit is MgCl2. |
Coordination Number | The number of ions of opposite charge that surround each ion in a crystal. |
Metallic Bond | The force of attraction that holds metals together; it consists of the attraction of free-floating valence electrons for positively charged metal ions. |
Alloy | A mixture composed of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal. |