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nervous system
nervous system terms for nursing 204 exam one
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cephal/o | inside the head (brain) |
| mening/o | membranes surronding the brain and spinal cord |
| myel/o | spinal cord |
| neur/o | nervve |
| dys | difficult, painful, abnormal |
| -cele | hernia, abnormal protusion of structure ot of normal anatomical position |
| -pathy | disease, abnormality |
| -plasia | development, formation, growth |
| -plegia | paralysis |
| multiple sclerosis | a disease of unknown cause that manifests as multiple hard plaques of degeneration of the insulating layer of nerve fibers in the central nervous system. the loss of insulation allows “short circuiting” of nerve impulses |
| what might multiple sclerosis patients suffer from depending on where degeneration occurs? | paralysis, senosory disturbences or blindness |
| cerebrovascular accident | a blood vessel in the brain may burst causing internal bleeding. a clot may arise in a brain blood vessel, or arise elsewhere and travel to get stuck in a brain vessel which then deprives brain tissue of oxygen |
| what is a blood clot that arises in a brain blood vessel called? | thrombus |
| what is a blood clot that arises in other places and travels and gets stuck in a brain blood vessel called? | embolus |
| what might CVA patients suffer from depending on the area the brain is affected? | paralysis , speech loss or vision loss |
| transient ischemic attacl | a short period of insufficient blood supply to the brain can have the same signs and symptoms as a stroke such as weakness in an arm, a partial loss of vision, but the problem lasts less than 24 hours (more,likely to have future strokes too) |
| epilepsy | epilepsy is a specific condition which may occur at any age, seizures are more intense, longer lasting in duration, and recur with some frequency. the condition may be controlled with medication, or if unresponsive to drugs, may require surgery. |
| aphasia | loss of speech |
| neurologist | a physician specializing in diseases of the brain, spinal cord and nerves. does not do surgery |
| lumbar (spinal) punctur or tap | introducing a needle between the lower bony vertebrae of our spinal column allows a physician to sample the fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), surrounding the brain and spinal cord |
| what are lab tests on CSF fluid used for? | diagnostic purposes such as presence of bacteria in meningitis, special proteins in multiple sclerosis, or blood cells |
| brain scan | introducing a radioactive element into the blood can image possible tumors in the brain |
| electroencephalography (EEG) | an image (in this case a written recording) of the brain’s electrical activity |
| what are EEGs used for? | diagnose different types of seizure disorders such as epilepsy, brain tumors, and are used in sleep research to identify stages of sleep |
| computed tomography | a specialized X-ray machine that takes multiple images of a body area from different angles and has a computer that integrates the multiple images into “slices” of the body |
| magnetic resonance imaging | patients body is placed in a strong magnetic field. Radio pulses affect the spin of atoms in the tissues. computer analyzes info to show subtle differences in tissue molecular structure producing very high resolution & better differences of soft tissue |
Created by:
rily.
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