click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 15: Muscle
Musculoskeletal System Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Acetabulum | Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis, which joins the femur, forming the hip joint |
Acromion | Outward extension of the shoulder blade forming the point of the shoulder |
Articular Cartilage | Thin layer of cartilage surrounding the bone in the joint space |
Bone | Dense, hard connective tissue composing the skeleton |
Calcium | One of the mineral constituents of bone |
Cartilaginous Tissue | Flexible, rubbery connective tissue |
Collagen | Dense, connective tissue protein strands found in bone and other tissues |
Compact Bones | Skull bones: ethmoid, frontal, occipital, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal |
Diaphysis | Shaft, or mid-portion, of a long bone |
Disk (disc) | Flat, round, plate-like structure. An intervertebral disk is a fibrocartilaginous substance between two vertebrae |
Epiphyseal Plate | Cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton |
Epiphysis | Each end of a long bone; the area beyond the epiphyseal plate |
Facial Bones | Bones of the face: lacrimal, mandibular, maxillary, nasal, vomer, and zygomatic |
Fissure | Narrow, slit-like opening in or between bones |
Fontanelle | Soft spot (incomplete bone formation) between the skull bones of an infant |
Foramen | Opening or passage in bones where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
Fossa | Shallow cavity in a bone |
Haversian canals | Minute spaces filled with blood vessels; found in compact bone |
Malleolus | Round process on both sides of the ankle joint |
Manubrium | Upper portion of the sternum; articulates with the medial aspect of the clavicle |
Mastoid Process | Round projection on the temporal bone behind the ear |
Medullary Cavity | Central, hollowed-out area in the shaft of a long house |
Metaphysis | Flared portion of a long bone, between the diaphysis (shaft) and the epiphyseal place |
Olecranon | large process on the proximal end of the ulna; the point of the flexed elbow |
Osseous Tissue | Bone tissue |
Ossification | Process of bone formation |
Osteoblast | Bone cell that helps form bony tissue |
Osteoclast | Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue |
Periosteum | Membrane surrounding bones; rich in blood vessels and nerve tissue |
Phosphorus | Mineral substance found in bones in combination with calcium |
Pubic Symphysis | Area of confluence of the two pubic bones in the pelvis |
Red Bone Marrow | Found in cancellous bone; site of hematopoiesis |
Ribs | Twelve pairs of curved bones that form the chest wall |
Sella Turcica | Depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland is located |
Sinus | Hollow air cavity within a bone |
Styloid Process | Pole-like process extending downard from the temporal bone on each side of the skull |
Suture | Joint between bones, such as the skull |
Temporomandibular Joint | Connection on either side of the head between the temporal bone of the skull and madibular bone of the jaw |
Trabeculae | Supporting bundles of body fibers in cancellous bone |
Trochanter | Large process at the neck of the femur; attachment site for muscles and tendons |
Tubercle | Rounded, small process on bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons |
Tuberosity | Rounded process on bone; attachment site for muscles and tendons |
Vertebra | Individual backbone composed of the vertebral body, vertebral arch, spinous process, transverse process, lamina, and neural canal |
Xiphoid Process | Lower, narrow portion of the sternum |
Yellow Bone Marrow | Fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity of most adult long bones |