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PHARMACOLOGY

Adverse Effects, Toxicity, Antidotes & Drug Levels

QuestionAnswer
Extra Pyramidal Syndrome Symptoms Acute Dystonia, Akathisia, Parkinsonism, Tardive Dyskinesia
Acute Dystonia symptoms Involuntary muscle contractions/spasms of face, tongue, neck, back
Akathisia symptoms Restlessness
Parkinsonism symptoms Stooped Posture, shuffling, rigid gait, bradykinesia, tremors
Tardive Dyskinesia symptoms Stiff/Jerk/Uncontrollable Movements
Thiocyanate Toxicity Symptoms Disorientation, delirium, or psychotic behavior
Anticholinergic Effects Dry mouth, blurred vision, photophobia, tachycardia, constipation, urinary hesitancy ARE
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) Lead Pipe Rigidity, BP changes, dysrhythmias, seizures, coma, death are symptoms of
Serotonin Syndrome Agitation, restlessness, dilated pupils, loss of muscle control, shivering, and goosebumps are symptoms of
Hypertensive Crisis Symptoms Severe headache, tachycardia, hypertension, confusion, stroke, death are symptoms of
Withdrawal Syndrome Symptoms Dizziness, sensory disturbances, tremors, anxiety, dysphoria are symptoms of
Cinchonism Tinnitus, headache, nausea, vertigo, disturbed vision
Angioedema SOB, itching, facial swelling, dizziness
Bruxism Clenching/Grinding of teeth
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Flu-like symptoms, with painful red or purplish rash
Salicylate Toxicity Symptoms tinnitus, sweating, headache, dizziness, tachycardia, agitation, hallucinations, convulsions
Agranulocytosis Reduced WBC count from psychotropic meds
Rhabdomyolysis Muscle breakdown
Myelosuppression Suppressed bone marrow
Lithium Toxicity Symptoms fine hand tremors, mild GI upset, slurred speech, muscle weakness, leads to confusion
Opioids/Narcotics Naloxone (Narcan)
Warfarin Vitamin K
Heparin Protamine Sulfate
Digoxin Digiband
Anticholinergics Physostigmine
Benzodiazepines Flumazenil (Romazicon)
Cholinergics Atropine (Atropen)
Acetaminophen Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
Magnesium Sulfate Calcium Gluconate
Iron Toxicity Deferoxamine
Lead Toxicity Succimer or Calcium Disodium Edetate
Alcohol Withdrawal Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
Beta Blockers Glucagon
Calcium Channel Blockers Glucagon, Insulin, or Calcium
Aspirin Sodium Bicarbonate
Insulin Reactions Glucagon
Pyridoxine Deferoxamine
Tricyclic Antidepressants Sodium Bicarbonate
Cyanide Poisoning Hydroxocobalamin
DIGOXIN Drug Level 0.5-2 ng/mL
LITHIUM Drug Level 0.6-1.2 mEq/L
THEOPHYLLINE Drug Level 10-20 mcg/dL
DILANTIN (PHENYTOIN) Drug Level 10-20 mg/L
MAGNESIUM SULFATE Drug Level 4-7 mg/dL
GENTAMICIN Drug Level 5-10 mcg/mL
VALPORIC ACID Drug Level 50-100 mcg
PHENOBARBITAL Drug Level 15-40 mcg/mL
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