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Exam One
Microbiology Exam One, covering units 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cell Theory | 1. Living organisms are made up of one or more cells. 2. Living cells arise from pre-existing cells. 3. Cells are the fundamental unit of structure and function of living organsims. |
| Robert Hooke (1635-1703) | He was the first to VISUALIZE CELLS WITH A MICROSCOPE. Described structures as resembling "honey-comb" and as "small boxes or bladders of air" - called them cells and noted that they're distinct from the others. Used the compound microscope. |
| Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) | He was the first to develop a powerful enough lens to see microbes. He viewed single-celled organisms, like bacteria and protist. He is credited with the discovery of microorganisms. Used a simple microscope for his findings. He coined the term ANIMACULES |
| Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) | Popularized the concept of cell theory; the 2nd tenet. He was one of the first to determine the causes of various diseases by examining their effects on tissues and organs. |
| Biogenesis | Proposes that new living organisms can only emerge from other previously existing living organisms. Opposite of spontaneous generation. Biogenesis supports cell theory and its tenets. |
| Francesco Redi (1626-1697) | Performed an experiment that refuted the idea that maggots spontaneously generate on meat left out in the air. This experiment proved that life did NOT appear spontaneously further accepting biogenesis. |
| Louis Pasteur Experiment | Used a swan-neck flask to perform the experiment. The experiment was designed to resolve the debate between spontaneous generation and biogenesis. He made the association between airborne microorganisms and food spoilage. |
| Louis Pasteur Advancements | Demonstrated that microorganisms cause disease and discovered how to make vaccines from weakened, or attenuated microbes. |
| Endosymbiotic Theory | Mitochondria and chloroplasts arose as a result of prokaryotic cells establishing a symbiotic relationship with a eukaryotic host. Mitochondria and Chloroplast are believed to be bacteria. They both have bacterial RNA. |
| Symbiotic Relationship | The close association formed between pairs of species. |
| Louis Pasteur Experiment Cont. | The dip in the neck caught the microbes that entered the flask and prevented them from contaminating the broth |
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sydkaylo99
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