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History Exam
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Protectorate | A country of a territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power. |
colony | an area controlled by an outside country and government occupied by settlers in it |
Sphere of influence | An area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges. |
Social Darwinism | the idea that certain people become powerful in society because they are innately better. |
Serfdom | peasant or feudal laborer during medieval times and russia until the soviet union collapsed. |
Vladimir Lenin | first dictator of the USSR and leader of the Bolsheviks |
NEP (New Economic Plan) | modified free market to keep the country stable. |
Joseph Stalin | dictator of soviet union who had lots of propaganda, effectively made certain people "Vanish" when they threaten his power, and had total control. |
5 Year Plan | Industrial goals set by stalin to have rapid industrialization which were a little too ambitious |
Trench warfare | Fighting while bunking in Trenches |
War of attrition | wearing each the enemy down too eventually have them wear out. |
Militarism | Trying to advance and have a bigger stronger military than another country and stockpiling to prepare for war |
Alliance | a formal agreement between two or more states for mutual support in case of war. |
Imperialism | a country's extension of its power by acquiring territory. |
Nationalism | Having a lot of pride in one's country |
Treaty of Versailles | Conference in paris which put germany at blame making them pay war reparations, losing territory, and reduction of their military and put in a league of nations |
Totalitarianism | a form of government that attempts to assert total control over the lives of its citizens and in the country. |
Fascism | government ruled by a dictator controls the lives of the people and in which people are not allowed to disagree with the government. |
Adolf Hitler | Dictator of germany during WWII |
Lend-Lease Act | America lending money to britain during WWII |
The Final Solution | the genocide of Jewish, POWs, and many other minorities lives |
D-Day/ Operation Overlord | Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings to take back france from Nazi control |
Pearl Harbor | Japan attacked the US military base |
Operation Barbarossa | A failed operation to take over the USSR |
Battle of Britain | A failed battle lost by germany to Britain's royal air force |
Battle of the Bulge | Germany's final battle on the offence during WWII |
Hiroshima | got nuked by the US |
Nagasaki | Also got nuked by the US |
Marshall Plan | To help war-torn countries during post WWII |
Truman Doctrine | The US supporting and almost bribing countries not to become communist or join the USSR |
Iron Curtain | a speech by churchill talking about Europe is split by the USSR communist satellite nation and the other democratic european countries. |
Berlin Wall | A wall built by the USSR to keep the people of east berlin from leaving to west berlin. |
Berlin Blockade & Airlift | Blocking railroads to prevent sending the people of west berlin resources and supplies to survive and Send resources by dropping them via plane into west berlin |
NATO | North Atlantic Treaty Organization was designed to safeguard the Allies' freedom and security by political and military means. |
Warsaw Pact | to reinforce communist dominance in Eastern Europe. |
Bay of Pigs | Kennedy armed Cuban exiles to take back Cuba |
Arms Race | Nations compete for power through buildup of weapons, especially nuclear. |
Space Race | a competition between USSR and America to see whos technology was greater |
Cuban Missile Crisis | Tense moment during the cold war when they were very close to starting a nuclear war. |
Fulgencio Batista | President Fulgencio Batista “elected” in the 40s and then became the military dictator in the 50s in cuba. |
Fidel Castro | successfully overthrew Batista and creates a communist dictatorship using violence against people who disagreed with him |
Cartel | organizations that participate in the production, transportation, and distribution of illegal drugs |
Hugo Chavez | President of Venezuela sold oil to cuba supported the poor and working class and had poor relations with US. Did not try and stop drug trafficking too. |
Juan Peron | 3 terms ‘46-’55, labor & mid class, Social reformer, overthrown re-elected ‘73, Did not like US or GB, Nationalized railroads, & utilities |
Salt March | Peaceful protest done by gandhi to protest against the steep tax the British levied on salt. |
Mahatma Gandhi | A leader of the independence movement in india |
Westernization | the adoption of the practices and culture of western Europe by societies and countries in other parts of the world, whether through compulsion or influence. |
Iranian Revolution | The Iranians overthrowing the Pahlavi dynasty and to return to the fundamentals of the koran |
Fundamentalism | Literal interpretation to basic principles of a religion |
Ayatollah Khomeini | Spiritual leader of the Iranian Revolution and the Islamic Republic of Iran. |
Iran Hostage Crisis | Iranian students seized the embassy and detained more than 50 Americans, ranging from the Chargé d'Affaires to the most junior members of the staff, as hostages. |