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Final Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where does fertilization take place? Where should the zygote travel after fertilization? | Fallopian tube; uterus |
| How should the nurse verify the identity of a young child? | Verify name & DOB with parent/caregiver |
| List the four stages of fetal development in order. | Zygotic, blastocyst, embryonic, fetal |
| Identify 3 interventions to prevent aspiration on oral medications. | Sit child upright, put medication into side of mouth, give medication in small increments |
| How many completed weeks within each trimester of pregnancy? | 13 completed weeks |
| Which indicates proper rectal administration for a pediatric patient? - Insert gently using index finger - Use water soluble lubricant - Prone positioning - hold buttocks together for 1 hour | 2 is correct. - Insert gently using pinky finger - Use water soluble lubricant - Side-lying position - Hold buttocks together for several minutes |
| The placenta is the interface between the mother and fetus. Identify 3 major functions of the placenta. | - Produces hormones (beginning at 8 weeks) - Protect fetus from immune attack by mother - Remove waste products from fetus (CO2, blood products) |
| Which route of medication administration is used infrequently in children? | Intramuscular |
| Some hormones produced by the placenta are HGC, prolactin, estrogen, & relaxin. Match each with the following: - Increase causes blood vessel proliferation - Promotes lactation - Allows for pelvic expansion - Results in a positive pregnancy test | HCG- results in a positive pregnancy test Prolactin- promotes lactation Estrogen- increase causes blood vessel proliferation Relaxin- allows for pelvic expansion (& relaxes smooth muscle) |
| Identify the preferred needle size for pediatric IM injections. What is the appropriate injection site for the following: - 12 months or younger - 3 years or older | 22-25 gauge - Vastus lateralis - Deltoid |
| The umbilical cord is the lifeline from the mother to the fetus. Wharton jelly surrounds the blood vessels within. Identify these vessels & explain the circulation of blood through them. | 1 vein (ductus venosus) & 2 arteries; the vein carries oxygenated blood, while the arteries carry deoxygenated blood |
| How often should pediatric IV sites be assessed? | Every hour |
| Identify 5 roles of amniotic fluid. | - Maintains fetal temperature - Cushions fetus from trauma - Permits symmetric growth - Prevents umbilical cord compression - Allows fetal movement for musculoskeletal development |
| Which pain scale should be used for children with cognitive impairment? | r-FLACC |
| Oligohydramnios, or too little amniotic fluid, may indicate what regarding the placenta? | Poor placental function |
| What does the acronym QUESTT stand for? | Question the child & parents Utilize a valid & reliable pain scale Evaluate the child’s behavior & physiologic changes Secure the parent’s involvement Take the cause of pain into account when intervening Take action |
| Polyhydramnios & oligohydramnios are complications regarding the amniotic fluid. What is the normal/expected fluid amount at term? | 1 liter |
| What are some adverse effects of opioid analgesics? | Respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, constipation, pruritis, drug tolerance, physical dependence |
| Identify the difference between Chadwick, Goodell, & Hegar signs. | Chadwick- blue-purple discoloration of the vagina & cervix Goodell- softening if the cervix Hegar- softening of the lower uterine segment |
| The event occurring when an individual who is not authorized to administer medication via PCA is called… | PCA by proxy |
| Identify some presumptive signs of pregnancy. | Breast tenderness/enlargement, nausea/vomiting, fatigue, amenorrhea, urinary frequency |
| The nurse is applying EMLA cream. How should sensation of the site be assessed? | Lightly tapping |
| Identify some probable signs of pregnancy. | Ballottement, Braxton Hicks contractions, Chadwick, Goodell, Hegar signs, positive pregnancy test, abdominal enlargement |
| What is expected for an infant’s weight: - 2 weeks after birth - at 6 months - at 1 year | - 2 weeks after birth- regains birth weight - at 6 months- doubled birth weight - at 1 year- triples birth weight |
| Identify the 3 positive signs of pregnancy. | Visualization of fetus with ultrasound, auscultation of fetal heart tones, fetal movement (felt by experienced clinician) |
| When does each fontanel close? (Anterior & posterior) | Anterior- 12-18 months Posterior- 6-8 weeks |
| Hyperemic gums, constipation & nausea/ vomiting during pregnancy are adaptations of which body system? | GI system |
| SAFEPAD is an acronym for infant safety. What does it stand for? | Suffocation, sleep position Asphyxia, animal bites Falls Electrical burns, other burns Poisoning, ingestion Automobile safety Drowning |
| What intervention should the nurse implement for supine hypotension syndrome? | Side-lying position |
| Identify some renal adaptations that occur during pregnancy. | Increased blood flow to kidneys, increased length & weight, increased GFR, increase in kidney activity |
Created by:
kaychey
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