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Fitness Exam 2 6
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Body Composition | The relative amounts of fat and fat-free tissues (e.g., bone, muscle, organs) in the body(Expressed as percentage of fat in the body) |
| Overweight | Body fat percentage above the recommended level |
| Obese | • >25% body fat for men • >35% body fat for women |
| Essential fat | – Located in nerves and cell membranes – Necessary for body functioning – 3% for men – 12% for women |
| Storage fat | – Located in adipose tissue • Visceral (around organs) • Subcutaneous (below the skin) – 8–19% for men, recommended low end of 12–15% for young adults – 21–32% for women, recommended low end of 21–25% for young adults |
| Android (apple) pattern of obesity | –Fat is primarily stored in upper body and around the waist –Most common in men –Greater risk of developing heart disease and diabetes • Gynoid (pear |
| Gynoid (pear) pattern of obesity | –Fat is primarily stored in waist, hips, and thighs –Most common in women |
| Chronic Conditions of Overweight and Obesity (1) | • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) • Some cancers (breast, prostate, colon) • Hypertension (or high blood pressure) • Kidney disease 1 |
| Chronic Conditions of Overweight and Obesity (2) | • Gallbladder disease • Joint problems and osteoarthritis • Diabetes • Sleep apnea • Menstrual abnormalities/pregnancy complications 2 |
| Mental benefits of healthy weight | –Better self-esteem & body image –More positive mindset –Less anxiety and depression |
| Physical benefits of healthy weight | –Lower risk of cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, and cancer –Easier motion for physical activity and everyday living –Lower death rate |
| functionHealth Effects of Being Underweight | • Loss of muscle mass and strength resulting from malnutrition • Osteoporosis • Menstrual abnormalities that can lead to infertility |
| • Severe underweight from eating disorders (anorexia nervosa and bulimia) can lead to: | – Heart problems – Digestive disorders – Kidney damage – Anemia – Lethargy – Muscle weakness – Dry skin – Poor immune function |
| Assessing Body Composition( Field methods) | –Height/weight tables –Body mass index (BMI) –Skinfold test –Waist measurement & waist-to-hip ratio |
| Assessing Body Composition(Laboratory measures) | –Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) –Hydrostatic weighing –Air displacement –Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) |
| Weight Management | • Set goals • Get regular body fat assessments • Re-evaluate optimum weight over time • Guard against lean mass loss during weight loss • Incorporate regular aerobic and resistance exercise • Eat a healthy diet |
| Adipose tissue | Tissue where fat is stored in the body. |
| BMI | The ratio of the body weight divided by height.(Correlates to body fat but does not represent it) |
| Waist to hip ratio | Ratio of the waist and hip circumferences used to determine the risk for disease associated w/ the android pattern of obesity. |
| BIA testing(bioelectrical impedance analysis) | Measures the ratio of you body's lean muscle to fat.(Procedure in labs and fitness centers/Uses sensors that pass an eletrical current through the body) |
Created by:
MathMatt
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