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PT Trends

QuestionAnswer
Periodic Trends property of the elements that can be predicted from the arrangement of the periodic table
increasing atomic number How is the periodic table arranged?
increasing atomic mass How did Mendeleev organize his periodic table?
periodic law the law that states that the repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the atomic numbers of the elements
Groups Vertical columns on the periodic table
Groups have similar chemical and physical properties and same arrangements of valence electrons
valence electrons Electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom
Metals Malleable, Ductile and Good Conductors of Heat and Electricity
Metalloids Elements that may accept or donate electrons readily and possess a mixture of metallic and nonmetallic properties (found along the "stairstep" on the periodic table
noble gases the elements in Group 8A of the periodic table
alkali metals Group 1, 1 electron in outer level, very reactive, soft, silver, shiny, low density; Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium... these tend to react quickly with air and water
Group 1 alkali metals
group 2 alkaline earth metals
alkaline earth metals metallic elements in group 2. with 2 electrons in outer orbit... which are harder than the alkali metals and are also less reactive
transition metals Groups 3
s block groups 1 and 2
Main block elements elements that represent the entire range of chemical properties and belong to Groups 1, 2, and 13 through 18 in the periodic table
halogens Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in its outermost energy level. Very reactive
Hydrogen Group all by itself. having 1 electron in its only orbit
atomic radius size of an atom
electron cloud a region around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are likely to be found
atomic radius increases as you move from top to bottom of a family
The atomic radius down a group increases as the energy levels are being filled with more and more electrons, which are getting farther and farther from the nucleus
atomic radius across a period decreases left to right
Period trend Atomic size decreases from left to right
ionization energy The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Vertical groups are called families
ionization energy trend Increases up and to the right of the periodic table
Electronegativity A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
electronegativity trend decreases from top to bottom in a group; increases from left to right in a period
Nobel Gases Atoms that have completely filled energy levels or that eight electrons in their outermost energy level
Created by: Mr.Ehret
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