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AP Constitution ****
The Constitutional Convention & Road to Constitution
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Where was the Constitutional Convention held? | at Independence Hall, Philadelphia 1787 |
| How many delegates in all attended the convention? | 55 delegates |
| What were the average age of the delegates? | in the low forties |
| What kind of professions did the delegates held? | lawyers; business; slave owners; large landowners; high public office (governors, judges, legislators) |
| Who was the chairman of the Constitutional Convention? | George Washington |
| What did James Madison do during the convention | made very fine and full notes of the proceedings (very valuable notes, and very secretive) |
| Who wrote the Federalist Papers? | Hamilton, Madison, and Jay |
| Edmund Randolph | pres ented the Virginia Plan |
| William Paterson | presented the New Jersey Plan |
| Roger Sherman | presented the Connecticut Plan |
| Virginia Plan | called for a bicameral legislature with representation in both houses based on population |
| New Jersey Plan | equal representation for each state in both houses of legislature |
| Connecticut Plan (Great Compromise) | provided for a bicameral legislature with representation in the lower hosue (House of Representatives) according to population, and equal representation for each state in the upper house (Senate) |
| The economic compromise | Would helped South by: making export taxes illegal and Congress would not interfer with the importation of slavery until 1808. In return, would help North by: permitting import taxes (tariffs) to be imposed by a simple majority vote (not a 2/3 vote) |
| The population count compromise | Slaves would be counted as 3/5 a person when deciding representation and taxation |
| Founding Fathers of the Constitution | Thomas Jefferson; James Madison; George Washington; Benjamin Franklin; James Madison; Alexander Hamilton |
| Road to the Constitution | House of Burgesses; Mayflower Compact; Fundamental Orders of Connecticut; New England Confederation; Albany Plan of Union; Stamp Act Congress; Committees of Correspondence; 1st Continental Congress; 2nd Continental Congress; Declaration of Independence |
| Road to the Constitution (continue) | Articles of Confederation; Treaty of Paris; Constitutional Convention |
| 1619 House of Burgesses | established in Virginia, America’s first representative assembly. |
| 1620 Mayflower Compact | sets up a governing system for the Plymouth colonists. |
| 1639 Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | represents America’s first written Constitution |
| 1643 New England Confederation | New England colonies cooperate to fight native American peoples |
| 1754 Albany Plan of Union | proposes a colonial confederation, but colonists reject it |
| 1765 Stamp Act Congress | petitions and forces repeal of the British Stamp Act; unifies boycott by colonies |
| 1770 Committees of Correspondence | unifies resistance to British policies |
| 1774 First Continental Congress | 12 colonies meet to petition the king to repeal “Intolerable Acts” and to organize a boycott. |
| 1775 Second Continental Congress | provides a government for the colonies during the Revolution |
| 1776 Declaration of Independence | declares separation of the colonies from Britain |
| 1781 Articles of Confederation | first national government |
| 1783 Treaty of Paris | ends the revolutionary war |
| 1787 Constitutional Convention | delegates meet to write a new constitution |
| 1788 Constitution ratified | 9 states ratified the Constitution |
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