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Chem Unit 2 Vocab

Unit 2 vocab from podcasts/class

TermDefinition
Subatomic Particles All the particles that make up an atom
Electrons Subatomic particles that revolve around the nucleus of an atom-they hold a negative charge. Discovered by JJ Thomson
Protons Subatomic particles that make up the nucleus of an atom and are called nucleons-they hold a positive charge. Discovered by Ernest Rutherford
Neutrons Subatomic particles that make up the nucleus of a atom and are called nucleons-they hold a neutral charge. Discovered by James Chadwick
Isotopes An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
Atomic Mass The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. This number is at the top of an isotope
Atomic Number The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table. This number is at the bottom of an isotope.
Orbital Notation The use of arrows to place an element electron's in orbitals
Electron Configuration Notation The use of superscripts instead of lines and arrows
Hund's Rule Electrons will fill all orbitals with equal energy with 1 electron before they pair up
Pauli Exclusion Rule Only 2 electrons can occupy a single orbital. And they must have opposite spins.
Aufbau Principle An electron occupies the lowest energy orbital that can receive it
Light Emission Each element gives off a characteristic emission spectrum. Occurs when an electron moves from excited state to ground state. An atom gains energy through absorption.
What are the energies of the electromagnetic spectrum? Radio waves, Microwaves, Infrared, visible spectrum, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays
Wavelength The distance between 2 consecutive points on a wave
Frequency The number of waves that pass a given point per sec.
What is the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and energy. The shorter the wavelengths and higher the frequency corresponds with greater energy. So, the longer the wavelengths and lower the frequency results in lower energy.
Created by: CarsonMac
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