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Economics 1.2.3
Economics- Edexcel 1.2.3
Term | Definition |
---|---|
PED full name | price elasticity of demand |
price elasticity of demand (PED) | measures responsiveness of quantity demanded for a product after a change in the good’s own price |
formula for PED | percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price |
normal goods with downward sloping demand curves | have a negative coefficient of PED |
Left to right along the demand curve | PED becomes increasingly price inelastic |
perfectly inelastic demand | demand does not change at all when the price changes, PED=0, the demand curve is drawn as vertical |
price inelastic demand | demand for a good or service remains unchanged even when the price changes, PED is between 0 and -1 |
unit price elastic demand | a demand in which any change in the price of a good leads to an equally proportional change in quantity demanded, PED=-1 |
price elastic demand | quantity demanded responds more than proportionately to a change in price, PED is between -1 and infinity |
perfectly elastic demand | quantity demanded will fall to 0 if the price rises, PED= infinity, the demand curve is horizontal |
luxuries | items we can do without |
price inelastic demand and total revenue | a rise in price leads to a rise in total revenue |
price elastic demand and total revenue | a fall in price leads to a rise in total revenue |
perfectly inelastic demand and total revenue | a given price will result in the same revenue change |
unit elastic demand and total revenue | a change in the price leads to no change at all in total revenue |
total revenue | price per unit multiplies by quantity sold |
Coefficient | any of the factors of a product considered in relation to a specific factor |
Habitual consumption | repeatedly bought |
Price volatility | describes price fluctuations of a commodity |
PED can predict | effect on total revenue, price volatility, effect of indirect taxes on price and quantity, price discrimination |
Price discrimination | when a firm charges a different price to different groups of consumers for an identical good or service, for reasons not associated with costs of supply |
YED full name | income elasticity of demand |
YED | measures the relationship between a change in demand following a change in the real income of consumers |
Formula for YED | percentage change in demand divided by the percentage change in income |
luxury products with high income elasticity | see greater sales volatility over a business cycle than necessities |
brand proliferation | occurs when a large company acquires or absorbs multiple smaller brands in similar market areas |