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Med Surg 1

Chapter 10

TermDefinition
Tonicity fluid tension or the effect that osmotic pressure of a solution with impermeable solutes exerts on cell size because of water movement across the cell membrane
osmosis the process by which fluid moves across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration; the process continues until the solute concentrations are equal on both sides of the membrane
osmolarity the number of milliosmoles per liter of solution; expressed as milliosmoles per liter' describes the concentration of solutes or dissolves particles
osmolality the number of milliosmoles per kilogram of solvent; expressed as milliosmoles per kilogram
isotonic solution a solution with the same osmolality as blood
hypotonic solution a solution with an osmolality lower than that of serum
hypertonic solution a solution with an osmolality higher than that of serum
hydrostatic pressure the pressure created by the weight of fluid against the wall that contains it. in the body, hydrostatic pressure in blood vessels results from the weight of fluid itself and the force resulting from cardiac contraction
homeostasis maintenance of constant internal equilibrium in a biological system
diffusion the process by which solutes move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration does NOT require energy
crystalloid a fluid containing soluble mineral ions and water in solution
colloid oncotic pressure osmotic pressure created by the protein ( mainly albumin) in the bloodstream
colliod a fluid containing particles that ae nonsoluble and evenly distributed throughout the solution
active transport physiologic pump that uses energy to move fluid or electrolytes from one region to another
alkalosis an acid-base imbalance characterized by a reduction of H+ concentration or increase in bicarbonate concentration
acidosis an acid-base imbalance characterized by an increase in H+ concentration
Created by: savwiley
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