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Dysrhythmias
Medical Surgical Nursing in Canada - Ch. 38
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Automaticity is cardiac cells | ability to initiate an impulse spontaneously and continuously |
| Contractility is cardiac cells | ability to respond mechanically to an impulse |
| Conductivity is cardiac cells | ability to transmit an impulse along a membrane in an orderly manner |
| Excitability is cardiac cells | ability to be electrically stimulated |
| Vagus nerve stimulation can do what to the heart? | Decreases rate Slowing of impulse conduction |
| SNS stimulation can do what do the heart? | Increases rate Increases force of contraction |
| How many seconds does each small square represent horizontally? | 0.04 seconds |
| How many seconds does each large square represent horizontally? | 0.20 seconds |
| What waveform/interval represents time for the electrical impulse that causes atrial depolarization (contraction) to pass through the atrium | P wave |
| What waveform/interval represents time taken for impulse to spread through the atria, the AV node and bundle of His, the bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers to a point immediately before ventricular contraction | PR interval |
| What waveform/interval represents time taken for depolarization (contraction) of both ventricles (systole) | QRS interval |
| What waveform/interval represents time for ventricular repolarization | T wave |
| What waveform/interval represents time take for entire electrical depolarization and repolarization of the ventricles | QT interval |
| What are the normal measurement for PR interval | 0.12 - 0.20 sec |
| What are the normal measurement for QRS complex | 0.06-0.10 sec |
| What are the normal measurement for QT interval | 0.34-0.43 sec |
| Count the number of small squares between an R-R interval and divide this number by ---- to get the HR | 1500 |
| Count the number of large squares between an R-R interval and divide this number by --- to get the HR | 300 |
| What is the normal pacemaker of the heart? | SA node (60-100 bpm) |
| If the pacemaker originates in the AV node what will the HR be? | 40-60 bpm |
| In what rhythm is the SA node firing at 60-100 bpm? | Sinus Rhythm |
| In what rhythm is the HR <60bpm with a regular rhythm and intervals | Sinus Bradycardia |
| In what rhythm is the discharge rate from the sinus node is increased as a result of vagal inhibition or SNS stimulation and is >100 bpm | Sinus Tachycardia |
| In what rhythm is the | |
| What are symptoms of inadequate perfusion? | Low BP, pale cool skin, weakness, angina or confusion. |
| Clinical significance of ST depends on the patients tolerance to the -----? | Increased HR and myocardial oxygen consumption |
| When the conduction originates from an ectopic focus in the atrium NOT the SA node, but is stopped, delayed or conducted normally at the AV node what can be seen? | Premature Atrial Contraction |
| Which atrial tachydysrhythmia identified by recurring, regular, sawtooth-shaped flutter waves and comes from a single etopic focus? | Atrial Flutter |
| Total disorganization of atrial electrical activity due to multiple ectopic foci, resulting in loss of effective atrial contraction | Atrial Fibrillation |
| When can rhrombi form in the atria as a result of blood stasis | Afib & A Flutter |
| What is seen on the ECG when a contraction originates in ectopic focus of the ventricles | Premature Ventricular Contractions |
| What rhythm is seen when an ectopic focus or foci fire repetitively and the ventricle takes control of the pacemaker | Ventricular Tachycardia |
| If a client has a pulse with Ventricular Tachycardia what is it considered? | Stable VTach |
| Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia can lead to | severe decrease in CO d/t decreased ventricular diastolic filling time and loss of atrial contraction |
| Ventricular Tachycardia without a pulse requires what treatment? | Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and rapid defibrillation |
| What rhythm is seen when there is a severe derangement of the heart rhythm characterized on ECG by irregular undulations of varying contour and amplitude | Ventricular Fibrillation |
| Patients in Ventricular Fibrillation are ---? | Pulseless |
| A total absence of ventricular electrical activity is called? | Asystole |
| When any rhythm/electrical activity is observed on the ECG, but no mechanical activity of the ventricles is evident, and the client has no pulse it is considered what? | Pulseless electrical activity |
Created by:
KadduonoLU
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