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Fundamentals Exam 5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Hyperkalemia is uncommon in... | Pt's who have adequate kidney function (potentially life threatening because of cardiac arrhythmias & cardiac arrest) |
| S/S of Hypokalemia | Blood potassium less than 3.5mEq/L, increased loss of potassium, decreased intake & absorption of potassium |
| S/S of Hyperkalemia | Blood potassium greater than 5.0mEq/L, increased intake of potassium, potassium moving out of cells, inadequate renal excretion |
| S/S of circulatory overload | Dyspnea (difficulty breathing), pulmonary edema, hypoxia (low oxygen in tissues) |
| S/S of dehydration | Dizziness, seizures, confusion, weakness, fatigue, syncope (fainting), poor skin turgor |
| Nursing Process | ADPIE (Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation) |
| Age related risks for developing dehydration | Decreases in total body mass and decrease in ability to detect thirst |
| Uncomplicated Grief | Normal grief, emotions can be negative |
| Complicated Grief | Prolonged, difficult progression through stages, can develop suicidal intentions Ex. Grieving for 3+ years over a loved ones death |
| Anticipatory Grief | Grief that happens before the actual death Ex. if a loved one has a short life expectancy |
| Disenfranchised Grief | Grief that is not accepted by the larger society's attitude Ex. Grieving for a year over a cat |
| Hospice Care | Comfort care without curative intent, pt's are not expected to live more than 6 months |
| Palliative Care | Care prioritizing the quality of life, mitigate suffering. Goal is to live a full life with an incurable disease |
| Interventions for end of life care for a patient with dyspnea | Opioids, positioning |
| Normal findings for someone at the end of life | Labored breathing, pulse slow/weak, feeling cold to touch, loss of muscle tone, incontinence, cyanosis |
| Role of spirituality at the end of life | Postmortem care, religious rituals, death rituals, care that can/cannot be received |
| What should you do in an unresponsive patients room at the end of life | Continue as if the client is awake |
| Know relationship of a negative body image and developing an eating disorder | Negative body image can lead to unhealthy weight control behaviors (ex eating disorder) |
| Self-Concept, Self-Esteem | How one values themself. (Subjective) Includes body image, attitudes, role performance |
| Identity | Inner sense of individuality that implies the persons uniqueness as compared with others |
| Body Image | A person's perception of their physical self and the thoughts/ feelings. Both positive and negative |
| Role Performance | Actual behavior and expression of an individual occupying role |
| What surgeries in the post op period may put you at risk for a compromised airway | Tracheostomy, laryngeal cancer surgery |
| Know how to suction a patient | Yankauer or tonsil tipped suctioning and move catheter around the mouth, gum line, and pharynx |
| Education points for someone on home oxygen therapy | Fire hazards of smoking with oxygen use, oral hygiene, encourage turning, coughing/deep breathing |
| S/S of Acute Hypoxemia (Below normal level of oxygen in the blood) | Dyspnea, elevated BP, small pulse, increased respiratory rate, cyanosis |
| S/S of Chronic Hypoxemia (Below normal level of oxygen in the blood) | Headaches, chest pain, enlarged heart, clubbing of fingers/toes, anorexia, constipation |
| Least invasive way to increase a patients oxygen saturation | Pulse Oximeter |
| Most invasive way to increase a patients oxygen saturation | Nasal Cannula, Face Mask, Partial Rebreather, aerosol mask |
| Sequence of events to suction a patient with a trach | Don PPE, assist pt to high fowlers, encourage pt to breath deeply and cough to clear secretions, obtain baseline breath sounds, use asepsis for suctioning mouth, use suction limiting each to 10-15 seconds |
| How to determine effectiveness of suctioning | Improvement of breath sounds, removal of secretions, improved O2 sat |
| How to perform Chest Physiotherapy (airway clearance technique to drain the lungs) | Uses chest percussion to vibrate the airways in the lungs |
| Proper care of tracheostomy (interventions to implement) | Suction trach tube, clean suction catheter to help prevent infection, replace inner cannula, clean skin by trach |
Created by:
jowalker
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