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Concept: elimination
practice questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The three part of small intestine are ............,......and ...... | Duodenum Jejunum Ileum (longest) |
| Major function of small intestine is ...... | Absorption of nutrients |
| The four part of large intestine are.....,....,....,and..... | Ascending colon Transverse colon Descending colon Sigmoid colon |
| Major function of large intestine is ...... | Re-absorption of water (simple columnar cells) ‘host flora’ =Vit B & K synthesis NB:integrate large intestine disorder with vt k deficiency |
| Protein digest can be supported with ....? A.gastric Pepsin; B.Pancreatic enzymes | A.gastric Pepsin; B.Pancreatic enzymes = amino acid chains (peptides) |
| Which one of the following supports carbohydrate digestion(select all apply)? A.Amylase B. Pancreatic enzymes C. Brush Border enzymes | The answer is all. Amylase; Pancreatic enzymes + Brush Border enzymes = glucose, galactose, fructose |
| List at list three complication of diarrhea | Electrolyte imbalance Dehydration Malabsorption |
| Discuss the difference between noninflammatory and inflammatory acute diarrhea? | Noninflammatory: watery and nonbloody stools disruption of normal absorption or secretory process Can result in dehydration inflammatory: lnfectious Caused by pathogenic invasion of intestinal cells affect colon Fever and bloody diarrhea .. |
| Which of the following is true regarding to travelers diarrhea?(select that all apply A. mostly bacterial origin B.Entrotoxigenic escherichia coli is the most cause C. Ciprofloxacin is a first line treatment D.Mostly caused by virus | The answer is all except D. |
| Discuss about Clostridium Difficile? | : Gram + bacteria Multiplies quickly +++ Infectious Releases a toxin enterotoxin (C. difficile toxin A) and cytotoxin (C. difficile toxin B) Destroys the intestinal lining Signs and Symptoms: Severe diarrhea Blood or pus in stools.... |
| Which of the folllowing is correct about C.Difficile Infection? A.It can be hospital acquired and due to long term antibiotic treatment B. Common in the elderly C. Flagyl PO is a first line treatment D.All | Causes Hospital acquired Long term antibiotic treatment Common in the elderly Treatment 1st line: Flagyl PO 2nd line: Vancomycin PO |
| With which of the following opioid receptor that located in GI helps to treat diarrhea? A. mu1, B.mu2 C. delta, k D. appa | B is the answer. Most effective: “Mu2” receptor in GI => decreased peristalsis Side effects: CNS depression in high doses |
| How can atropine be used to treat diarrhea? | Atropine = ‘antimuscarinic’ (blocks parasympathetic system and stimulate sympathetic drive) |
| Discus about the different types of chronic diarrhea | 1.Osmotic : Water is pulled into the bowel by the hyperosmotic nature of its contents and the colon is unable to reabsorb 2.Secretory : when the secretory processes of the bowel are increased and when excess bile acid 3.Inflammatory : |
| Correct regarding to cause of constipation ( select that all apply) A.Inadequate fluid or fibre intake B. Hirschsprung Disease (Aganglionic Megacolon) C.surgery D.Hemorrhoids | All are the answer (see your ppt) |
| List the 5 types laxatives and its mechanisim of action to treat constipations | 1. Bulk forming – pull water into stool and add bulk to stool. 2.Softeners – Pulls water and fat into stool 3. Saline & Osmotic – pull water into stool 4.Stimulants – irritants – increase peristalsis 5.Miscellaneous – lubricating i.e., Mineral oil, Gl |
| Which one of the following are a treatement for concetipation (select all apply) A.Food with high fiber B.Laxatives C.Enema D.Activity | The answer is all except A |
| List receptors that involved during nausea & vomiting | 1.Dopamin 2.Serotonine 3.Muscarinic 4.Cannabinoid |
| List at list three medication used to treat motion sickness | Imenhydrinate (Gravol): diphenhydramine + chlorotheophyline meclizine (Dramamine) Diclectin: doxylamine + pyridoxine hydrochloride |
| List antimuscarinic anticholinergic druges and its action | Action Reduce vestibular excitation Some affinity to H1 receptors drugs scopolamine (Hyoscine)) Transdermal patch |
| List 5HT3 (serotonin) antagonists drugs | Ondansetron (Zofran) |
| What is the mechanism action of D2 receptor antagonism and list the drug list of this regimen | Action: stimulates GI motility drugs : Phenothiazines metoclopramide (Maxeran, Reglan) prochlorperazine |
Created by:
aynalem
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