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unit: 5 defintion
Term | Definition |
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Oxidation Number | the number of electrons that must be added to or removed from an atom in a combined state to convert the atom into the element form |
Oxidation-Reduction Reaction | any chemical change in which one species is oxidized and another is reduced also called redox reaction |
Reactants | a substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction |
Products | a substance that forms in a chemical reaction |
Coefficients | a small whole number that appears as a factor in front of a formula in a chemical equation |
Law of Conservation of Mass | the law that states that mass cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical change |
Combustion Reaction | the oxidation reaction of an element or compound, in which energy as heat is realised |
Decomposition reaction | a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substance |
synthesis reaction | a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound |
single displacement reaction | a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound |
double displacement reaction | a reaction in which the ions of two compounds exchange places in an aqueous solution to form two new compounds |
Monatomic ions | an ion formed from a single atom |
nomenclature | a naming system |
oxyanions | a polyatomic ion that contains oxygen |
formula mass | the sum of the average atomic masses of all atoms represented in the formula of any molecule, formula unit, or ion |
percent composition | the percentage by mass of each element in a compound |
empirical formula | a chemical formula that shows the composition of a compound in terms of the relative numbers and kinds of atoms in the simplest ratio |
chemical equation | a representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products |
word equation | an equation in which the reactants and products in a chemical reaction are represented by words |
formula equation | a representation of the reactants and products of a chemical reaction by their symbols or formula |
reversible reaction | a chemical reaction in which the products re-form the original reactants |