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chapter 5

Dosage forms and routes of administration

TermDefinition
Absorption The taking in of nutrients and drugs into the body from food and liquids
Behind-the-counter (BTC) Nonprescription drugs that are kept behind the pharmacy counter; limited amounts may be sold, or the customer may require the permission of a pharmacist to purchase them
Bioavailability The degree to which a drug or other substance becomes available to the target tissue after administration
Bioequivalence The relationship between two drugs that have the same dosage and dosage form and that have similar bioavailability. Generic versions of a medication must show bioequivalence to the original approved brand product as a requirement of drug approval
Distribution The movement of a medication throughout the blood, organs, and tissues after administration
Elimination The final evacuation of a drug or other substance from the body by normal body processes, such as kidney elimination (urine), biliary excretion (bile to stool), sweat, respiration, or saliva
Enteral
First-pass effect A process in which a portion of the drug dose is metabolized before the drug has a chance to be distributed systemically
Half-life The time required for a chemical to be decreased by half
Instill To place into; instillation instructions are commonly used for ophthalmic or otic drugs
Legend drugs Drugs that require a prescription; these drugs carry the federal legend: “Federal law prohibits the dispensing of this medication without a prescription”
Metabolism The processes by which the body breaks down or converts medications to active or inactive substances.
Over-the-counter (OTC) Medications that can be purchased without a prescription
Parenteral A term used to describe a medication that is usually given by injection into a vein, the skin, or muscle that bypasses the gastrointestinal system
Pharmacokinetic The study of the absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination of drugs
Prodrug An inactive substance that is converted to a drug in the body by the action of enzymes or other chemicals
Created by: zeedizzle
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